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Compute and memory are tightly coupled within each server in traditional datacenters. Large-scale datacenter operators have identified this coupling as a root cause behind fleet-wide resource underutilization and increasing Total Cost of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Hasan Al Maruf , Mosharaf Chowdhury

On the way to Exascale, programmers face the increasing challenge of having to support multiple hardware architectures from the same code base. At the same time, portability of code and performance are increasingly difficult to achieve as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Thomas Heller , Hartmut Kaiser , Patrick Diehl , Dietmar Fey , Marc Alexander Schweitzer

Despite the promise of alleviating the main memory bottleneck, and the existence of commercial hardware implementations, techniques for Near-Data Processing have seen relatively little real-world deployment. The idea has received renewed…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Zikai Liu , Jasmin Schult , Pengcheng Xu , Timothy Roscoe

We present a unified programming model for heterogeneous computing systems. Such systems integrate multiple computing accelerators and memory units to deliver higher performance than CPU-centric systems. Although heterogeneous systems have…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Zixuan Wang , Jishen Zhao

MPI implementations commonly rely on explicit memory-copy operations, incurring overhead from redundant data movement and buffer management. This overhead notably impacts HPC workloads involving intensive inter-processor communication. In…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Miryeong Kwon , Donghyun Gouk , Hyein Woo , Junhee Kim , Jinwoo Baek , Kyungkuk Nam , Sangyoon Ji , Jiseon Kim , Hanyeoreum Bae , Junhyeok Jang , Hyunwoo You , Junseok Moon , Myoungsoo Jung

The C/C++ memory model provides an interface and execution model for programmers of concurrent (shared-variable) code. It provides a range of mechanisms that abstract from underlying hardware memory models -- that govern how multicore…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Robert J. Colvin

The use of disaggregated or far memory systems such as CXL memory pools has renewed interest in Near-Data Processing (NDP): situating cores close to memory to reduce bandwidth requirements to and from the CPU. Hardware designs for such…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zikai Liu , Niels Pressel , Jasmin Schult , Roman Meier , Pengcheng Xu , Timothy Roscoe

The \emph{Partial Cache-Coherence (PCC)} model maintains hardware cache coherence only within subsets of cores, enabling large-scale memory sharing with emerging memory interconnect technologies like Compute Express Link (CXL). However,…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Fangnuo Wu , Mingkai Dong , Wenjun Cai , Jingsheng Yan , Haibo Chen

Modern workloads are demanding increasingly larger memory capacity. Compute Express Link (CXL)-based memory tiering has emerged as a promising solution for addressing this problem by utilizing traditional DRAM alongside slow-tier CXL memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Kevin Song , Jiacheng Yang , Zixuan Wang , Jishen Zhao , Sihang Liu , Gennady Pekhimenko

Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a foundational programming model for high-performance computing. MPI libraries traditionally employ network interconnects (e.g., Ethernet and InfiniBand) and network protocols (e.g., TCP and RoCE) with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xi Wang , Bin Ma , Jongryool Kim , Byungil Koh , Hoshik Kim , Dong Li

The Compute Express Link (CXL) interconnect makes it feasible to integrate diverse types of memory into servers via its byte-addressable SerDes links. Considering the various access latency, harnessing the full potential of CXL-based…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Zhe Zhou , Yiqi Chen , Tao Zhang , Yang Wang , Ran Shu , Shuotao Xu , Peng Cheng , Lei Qu , Yongqiang Xiong , Jie Zhang , Guangyu Sun

The rapid increase in LLM model sizes and the growing demand for long-context inference have made memory a critical bottleneck in GPU-accelerated serving systems. Although high-bandwidth memory (HBM) on GPUs offers fast access, its limited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xinjun Yang , Qingda Hu , Junru Li , Feifei Li , Yicong Zhu , Yuqi Zhou , Qiuru Lin , Jian Dai , Yang Kong , Jiayu Zhang , Guoqiang Xu , Qiang Liu

Disaggregation is an ongoing trend to increase flexibility in datacenters. With interconnect technologies like CXL, pools of CPUs, accelerators, and memory can be connected via a datacenter fabric. Applications can then pick from those…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Nils Asmussen , Michael Roitzsch

Parallel programming remains a daunting challenge, from the struggle to express a parallel algorithm without cluttering the underlying synchronous logic, to describing which devices to employ in a calculation, to correctness. Over the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Patrick Diehl , Steven R. Brandt , Hartmut Kaiser

In GPU graph analytics, the use of external memory such as the host DRAM and solid-state drives is a cost-effective approach to processing large graphs beyond the capacity of the GPU onboard memory. This paper studies the use of Compute…

Datacenters of today have maintained the same architecture for decades using the server as the primary building block. However, this traditional approach suffers from under-utilization of its resources, often caused by over-allocating these…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Mohammad Ewais , Paul Chow

Memory disaggregation is being considered as a strong alternative to traditional architecture to deal with the memory under-utilization in data centers. Disaggregated memory can adapt to dynamically changing memory requirements for the data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Amit Puri , John Jose , Tamarapalli Venkatesh

Upcoming CXL-based disaggregated memory devices feature special purpose units to offload compute to near-memory. In this paper, we explore opportunities for offloading compute to general purpose cores on CXL memory devices, thereby enabling…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Jon Hermes , Josh Minor , Minjun Wu , Adarsh Patil , Eric Van Hensbergen

Concurrency has been a subject of study for more than 50 years. Still, many developers struggle to adapt their sequential code to be accessed concurrently. This need has pushed for generic solutions and specific concurrent data structures.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Andreia Correia , Pedro Ramalhete , Pascal Felber

Memory-compute disaggregation promises transparent elasticity, high utilization and balanced usage for resources in data centers by physically separating memory and compute into network-attached resource "blades". However, existing designs…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Seung-seob Lee , Yanpeng Yu , Yupeng Tang , Anurag Khandelwal , Lin Zhong , Abhishek Bhattacharjee