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With the recent development of autonomous vehicle technology, there have been active efforts on the deployment of this technology at different scales that include urban and highway driving. While many of the prototypes showcased have been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-14 David Paz , Po-jung Lai , Nathan Chan , Yuqing Jiang , Henrik I. Christensen

Safety validation is a crucial component in the development and deployment of autonomous systems, such as self-driving vehicles and robotic systems. Ensuring safe operation necessitates extensive testing and verification of control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-11 Ali Baheri , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

As autonomous driving technology continues to advance, end-to-end models have attracted considerable attention owing to their superior generalisation capability. Nevertheless, such learning-based systems entail numerous safety risks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Hongrui Kou , Zhouhang Lyu , Ziyu Wang , Cheng Wang , Yuxin Zhang

This paper summarizes our formal approach to testing autonomous vehicles (AVs) in simulation for the IEEE AV Test Challenge. We demonstrate a systematic testing framework leveraging our previous work on formally-driven simulation for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Kesav Viswanadha , Francis Indaheng , Justin Wong , Edward Kim , Ellen Kalvan , Yash Pant , Daniel J. Fremont , Sanjit A. Seshia

Autonomous systems with cognitive features are on their way into the market. Within complex environments, they promise to implement complex and goal oriented behavior even in a safety related context. This behavior is based on a certain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Henrik J. Putzer , Ernest Wozniak

Autonomous systems, such as self-driving vehicles, quadrupeds, and robot manipulators, are largely enabled by the rapid development of artificial intelligence. However, such systems involve several trustworthy challenges such as safety,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Wenhao Ding

We present an overview of recently developed data-driven tools for safety analysis of autonomous vehicles and advanced driver assist systems. The core algorithms combine model-based, hybrid system reachability analysis with sensitivity…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Chuchu Fan , Bolun Qi , Sayan Mitra

How many scenarios are sufficient to validate the safe Operational Design Domain (ODD) of an Automated Driving System (ADS) equipped vehicle? Is a more significant number of sampled scenarios guaranteeing a more accurate safety assessment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Bowen Weng , Linda Capito , Umit Ozguner , Keith Redmill

Test and evaluation is a necessary process for ensuring that engineered systems perform as intended under a variety of conditions, both expected and unexpected. In this work, we consider the unique challenges of developing a unifying test…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-21 Erin Lanus , Ivan Hernandez , Adam Dachowicz , Laura Freeman , Melanie Grande , Andrew Lang , Jitesh H. Panchal , Anthony Patrick , Scott Welch

Testing autonomous driving systems for safety and reliability is extremely complex. A primary challenge is identifying the relevant test scenarios, especially the critical ones that may expose hazards or risks of harm to autonomous vehicles…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Qunying Song , Emelie Engström , Per Runeson

When autonomous vehicles encounter untrained scenarios, ensuring safety hinges on effective safety verification to prevent accidents stemming from unexpected model decisions. Reachability analysis, a method of safety verification, offers…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Lingxiang Fan , Linxuan He , Haoyuan Ji , Shuo Feng

Scenario generation is one of the essential steps in scenario-based testing and, therefore, a significant part of the verification and validation of driver assistance functions and autonomous driving systems. However, the term scenario…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Barbara Schütt , Joshua Ransiek , Thilo Braun , Eric Sax

As simulation is increasingly used in scenario-based approaches to test Automated Driving Systems, the credibility of simulation results is a major concern. Arguably, credibility depends on the validity of the simulation setup and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-26 Niklas Braun , Markus Steimle , Martin Törngren , Markus Maurer

Discovering potential failures of an autonomous system is important prior to deployment. Falsification-based methods are often used to assess the safety of such systems, but the cost of running many accurate simulation can be high. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Marc R. Schlichting , Nina V. Boord , Anthony L. Corso , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Continuous engineering of autonomous driving functions commonly requires deploying vehicles in road testing to obtain inputs that cause problematic decisions. Although the discovery leads to producing an improved system, it also challenges…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Chih-Hong Cheng , Rongjie Yan

A computational system is called autonomous if it is able to make its own decisions, or take its own actions, without human supervision or control. The capability and spread of such systems have reached the point where they are beginning to…

In driving tasks, the driver's situation awareness of the surrounding scenario is crucial for safety driving. However, current methods of measuring situation awareness mostly rely on subjective questionnaires, which interrupt tasks and lack…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yunxiang Jiang , Qing Xu , Kai Zhen , Yu Chen

The validation of autonomous driving systems benefits greatly from the ability to generate scenarios that are both realistic and precisely controllable. Conventional approaches, such as real-world test drives, are not only expensive but…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yizhuo Xiao , Mustafa Suphi Erden , Cheng Wang

Heated debates continue over the best autonomous driving framework. The classic modular pipeline is widely adopted in the industry owing to its great interpretability and stability, whereas the fully end-to-end paradigm has demonstrated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Guan Wang , Haoyi Niu , Desheng Zhu , Jianming Hu , Xianyuan Zhan , Guyue Zhou

With the increasing complexity of software permeating critical domains such as autonomous driving, new challenges are emerging in the ways the engineering of these systems needs to be rethought. Autonomous driving is expected to continue…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Dasa Kusnirakova , Barbora Buhnova