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Transition and turbulence production in a hypersonic boundary layer is investigated in a Mach 6 quiet wind tunnel using Rayleigh-scattering visualization, fast-response pressure measurements, and particle image velocimetry. It is found that…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-02-03 Chuanhong Zhang , Yiding Zhu , Huijing Yuan , Jiezhi Wu , Shiyi Chen , Cunbiao Lee , Mohamed Gad-el-Hak

Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of a Mach 6 boundary layer over a flat plate is performed to assess the effect of spanwise non-uniform surface temperature on breakdown to turbulence under deterministic forcing. The streamwise location of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-27 L. Boscagli , G. Rigas , P. J. K. Bruce , O. Marxen

The self-excited spanwise homogeneous perturbations arising in shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction (SWBLI) system formed in a hypersonic flow of molecular nitrogen over a double wedge are investigated using the kinetic Direct Simulation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-01-12 Saurabh S. Sawant , Ozgur Tumuklu , Vassilis Theofilis , Deborah A. Levin

We perform direct numerical simulations of shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions (SBLI) at Mach number M = 1.7 to investigate the influence of the state of the incoming boundary layer on the interaction properties. We reproduce and extend…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-09-18 Russell Quadros , Matteo Bernardini

In the last decade, progresses in additive manufacturing (AM) have paved the way for optimized heat exchangers, whose disruptive design will depend on predictive numerical simulations. Typical AM rough surfaces show limited resemblance to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-10 Himani Garg , Lei Wang , Guillaume Sahut , Christer Fureby

Superhydrophobic surfaces dramatically reduce skin friction of overlying liquid flows. These surfaces are complex and numerical simulations usually rely on models for reducing this complexity. One of the simplest consists in finding an…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-08-03 Antoine Jouin , Stefania Cherubini , Jean-Christophe Robinet

The present numerical investigation focuses on the leading edge bluntness effects on the double-wedge with varied aft-wedge angles exposed to low enthalpy hypersonic free stream conditions. The bluntness ratio in this study varies, ranging…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-29 Anurag Adityanarayan Ray , Ashoke De

A neutral boundary layer was generated in the laboratory to analyze the mean velocity field and the turbulence field within and above an array of two-dimensional obstacles simulating an urban canopy. Different geometrical configurations…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-01-28 Annalisa Di Bernardino , Paolo Monti , Giovanni Leuzzi , Giorgio Querzoli

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are performed for two wall-bounded flow configurations: laminar Couette flow at $Re=740$ and turbulent channel flow at $Re_{\tau}=180$, where $\tau$ is the shear stress at the wall. The top wall is smooth…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-07-22 Karim Alamé , Krishnan Mahesh

Surface roughness becomes relevant if typical length scales of the system are comparable to the scale of the variations as it is the case in microfluidic setups. Here, an apparent boundary slip is often detected which can have its origin in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-06-24 Christian Kunert , Jens Harting

A bypass transition scenario in a wind-stress driven aqueous flow is analysed using a temporally developing boundary layer model with accelerating surface drift velocity. The parameters of the model are selected to mimic a wave-tank…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-22 Asim Önder , Philip L. -F. Liu , Wu-ting Tsai

Hypersonic flow conditions pose exceptional challenges for Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence modeling. Critical phenomena include compressibility effects, shock/turbulent boundary layer interactions, turbulence-chemistry…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-30 Pratikkumar Raje , Eric Parish , Jean-Pierre Hickey , Paola Cinnella , Karthik Duraisamy

This experimental and numerical study examines transition to turbulence for a Cone-Cylinder-Flare geometry at Mach 7 and across a broad Reynolds number range. The focus is set on both attached boundary layers and separated shock-boundary…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-09 Clément Caillaud , Mathieu Lugrin , Nicolas Severac , Sébastien Esquieu

Extensive studies have investigated the transition mechanism of boundary layers initiated by a single primary instability. In a real-world scenario, however, multiple primary instabilities of different physical nature would coexist and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-18 Xiao-Bai Li , Yifeng Chen , Chihyung Wen , Peixu Guo

Boundary layer transition triggered by a discrete roughness element generates a turbulent wedge that spreads laterally as it proceeds downstream. Historical literature reports the spreading half angle is approximately 6$^{\circ}$ in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-19 Alexandre R. Berger , Edward B. White

Distributed roughness occurs on aerodynamic surfaces like wind/gas turbine blades and aircraft wings causing early boundary layer transition resulting in a reduction of the lift-to-drag ratio/power production. Despite being a recurring…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-21 Robin Joseph , P Phani Kumar , Sourabh S Diwan

This study presents an experimental dataset documenting the evolution of a turbulent boundary layer downstream of a rough-to-smooth surface transition. To investigate the effect of upstream flow conditions, two groups of experiments are…

In the context of subaqueous ripple and dune formation, we present here a Reynolds averaged calculation of the turbulent flow over a topography. We perform a weakly non-linear expansion of the velocity field, sufficiently accurate to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-11-14 A. Fourrière , P. Claudin , B. Andreotti

In this aerothermal study, we performed a two-dimensional steady-state Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and heat conduction simulation at Mach 6. The key to our methodology was a one-way coupling between CFD surface temperature as a…

High-speed vehicles experience a highly challenging environment in which the free-stream Mach number and surface temperature greatly influence aerodynamic drag and heat transfer. The interplay of these two parameters strongly affects the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-02-29 Michele Cogo , Umberto Baù , Mauro Chinappi , Matteo Bernardini , Francesco Picano