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Flow-based generative models have highly desirable properties like exact log-likelihood evaluation and exact latent-variable inference, however they are still in their infancy and have not received as much attention as alternative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Albert Pumarola , Stefan Popov , Francesc Moreno-Noguer , Vittorio Ferrari

Generative models that can model and predict sequences of future events can, in principle, learn to capture complex real-world phenomena, such as physical interactions. However, a central challenge in video prediction is that the future is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Manoj Kumar , Mohammad Babaeizadeh , Dumitru Erhan , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine , Laurent Dinh , Durk Kingma

We propose a general framework to learn deep generative models via \textbf{V}ariational \textbf{Gr}adient Fl\textbf{ow} (VGrow) on probability spaces. The evolving distribution that asymptotically converges to the target distribution is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Yuan Gao , Yuling Jiao , Yang Wang , Yao Wang , Can Yang , Shunkang Zhang

Understanding and predicting object motion from egocentric video is fundamental to embodied perception and interaction. However, generating physically consistent 6DoF trajectories remains challenging due to occlusions, fast motion, and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Abhishek Saroha , Huajian Zeng , Xingxing Zuo , Daniel Cremers , Xi Wang

Flow Matching has limited ability in achieving one-step generation due to its reliance on learned curved trajectories. Previous studies have attempted to address this limitation by either modifying the coupling distribution to prevent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen

Training energy-based probabilistic models is confronted with apparently intractable sums, whose Monte Carlo estimation requires sampling from the estimated probability distribution in the inner loop of training. This can be approximately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Taesup Kim , Yoshua Bengio

Flow Matching has emerged as a powerful framework for learning continuous transformations between distributions, enabling high-fidelity generative modeling. This work introduces Symmetrical Flow Matching (SymmFlow), a new formulation that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Francisco Caetano , Christiaan Viviers , Peter H. N. De With , Fons van der Sommen

Molecules in equilibrium follow a Boltzmann distribution, making the underlying energy landscape a physically grounded modeling objective. However, such landscapes are difficult to learn from data and, once learned, hard to sample from.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Christoph Griesbacher , Lea Bogensperger , Andreas Habring , Thomas Pock

Flow-based generative models synthesize data by integrating a learned velocity field from a reference distribution to the target data distribution. Prior work has focused on endpoint metrics (e.g., fidelity, likelihood, perceptual quality)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ziyun Li , Ben Dai , Huancheng Hu , Henrik Boström , Soon Hoe Lim

Flow based generative models have charted an impressive path across multiple visual generation tasks by adhering to a simple principle: learning velocity representations of a linear interpolant. However, we observe that training velocity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Inkyu Shin , Chenglin Yang , Liang-Chieh Chen

Exploring molecular energy landscapes and identifying ground-state conformations are central challenges in computational chemistry. However, generating diverse low-energy conformers from molecular graphs remains expensive with traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Guikun Xu , Xiaohan Yi , Ziqiao Meng , Peilin Zhao , Yatao Bian

This paper proposes StrEBM, a structured latent energy-based model for source-wise structured representation learning. The framework is motivated by a broader goal of promoting identifiable and decoupled latent organization by assigning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-21 Yuan-Hao Wei

Diffusion-based generative models have demonstrated a capacity for perceptually impressive synthesis, but can they also be great likelihood-based models? We answer this in the affirmative, and introduce a family of diffusion-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Diederik P. Kingma , Tim Salimans , Ben Poole , Jonathan Ho

Energy-based models (EBMs) are powerful probabilistic models, but suffer from intractable sampling and density evaluation due to the partition function. As a result, inference in EBMs relies on approximate sampling algorithms, leading to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Dieterich Lawson , George Tucker , Bo Dai , Rajesh Ranganath

Estimating the correspondences between pixels in sequences of images is a critical first step for a myriad of tasks including vision-aided navigation (e.g., visual odometry (VO), visual-inertial odometry (VIO), and visual simultaneous…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-16 E. Jared Shamwell , William D. Nothwang , Donald Perlis

We introduce the Generalized Energy Based Model (GEBM) for generative modelling. These models combine two trained components: a base distribution (generally an implicit model), which can learn the support of data with low intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-22 Michael Arbel , Liang Zhou , Arthur Gretton

We propose to learn energy-based model (EBM) in the latent space of a generator model, so that the EBM serves as a prior model that stands on the top-down network of the generator model. Both the latent space EBM and the top-down network…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-30 Bo Pang , Tian Han , Erik Nijkamp , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

Generative models have achieved remarkable progress with the emergence of flow matching (FM). It has demonstrated strong generative capabilities and attracted significant attention as a simulation-free flow-based framework capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Huynh Trinh Ngoc , Hoang Anh Nguyen Kim , Toan Nguyen Hai , Long Tran Quoc

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) present a flexible and appealing way to represent uncertainty. Despite recent advances, training EBMs on high-dimensional data remains a challenging problem as the state-of-the-art approaches are costly, unstable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Will Grathwohl , Jacob Kelly , Milad Hashemi , Mohammad Norouzi , Kevin Swersky , David Duvenaud

Obtaining the ground truth labels from a video is challenging since the manual annotation of pixel-wise flow labels is prohibitively expensive and laborious. Besides, existing approaches try to adapt the trained model on synthetic datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Yunhui Han , Kunming Luo , Ao Luo , Jiangyu Liu , Haoqiang Fan , Guiming Luo , Shuaicheng Liu