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Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on complex tasks involving visual input with natural language instructions. However, it remains unclear to what extent capabilities on natural images transfer to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Chenhui Zhang , Sherrie Wang

Vision-and-language models trained to match images with text can be combined with visual explanation methods to point to the locations of specific objects in an image. Our work shows that the localization --"grounding"-- abilities of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Ruozhen He , Paola Cascante-Bonilla , Ziyan Yang , Alexander C. Berg , Vicente Ordonez

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across diverse visual tasks, including image recognition, video understanding, and Visual Question Answering (VQA) when explicitly trained for these tasks. Despite these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Sivan Doveh , Nimrod Shabtay , Wei Lin , Eli Schwartz , Hilde Kuehne , Raja Giryes , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass , Assaf Arbelle , Shimon Ullman , M. Jehanzeb Mirza

In cognitive science and AI, a longstanding question is whether machines learn representations that align with those of the human mind. While current models show promise, it remains an open question whether this alignment is superficial or…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-27 Craig Sanders , Billy Dickson , Sahaj Singh Maini , Robert Nosofsky , Zoran Tiganj

Grounding language to the visual observations of a navigating agent can be performed using off-the-shelf visual-language models pretrained on Internet-scale data (e.g., image captions). While this is useful for matching images to natural…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Chenguang Huang , Oier Mees , Andy Zeng , Wolfram Burgard

What does learning to model relationships between strings teach large language models (LLMs) about the visual world? We systematically evaluate LLMs' abilities to generate and recognize an assortment of visual concepts of increasing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Pratyusha Sharma , Tamar Rott Shaham , Manel Baradad , Stephanie Fu , Adrian Rodriguez-Munoz , Shivam Duggal , Phillip Isola , Antonio Torralba

Symbol grounding (Harnad, 1990) describes how symbols such as words acquire their meanings by connecting to real-world sensorimotor experiences. Recent work has shown preliminary evidence that grounding may emerge in (vision-)language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Shuyu Wu , Ziqiao Ma , Xiaoxi Luo , Yidong Huang , Josue Torres-Fonseca , Freda Shi , Joyce Chai

We present a visually-grounded language understanding model based on a study of how people verbally describe objects in scenes. The emphasis of the model is on the combination of individual word meanings to produce meanings for complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 P. Gorniak , D. Roy

Current visual grounding models are either based on a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) that performs auto-regressive decoding, which is slow and risks hallucinations, or on re-aligning an LLM with vision features to learn new special…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Weitai Kang , Jason Kuen , Mengwei Ren , Zijun Wei , Yan Yan , Kangning Liu

We present our work in progress exploring the possibilities of a shared embedding space between textual and visual modality. Leveraging the textual nature of object detection labels and the hypothetical expressiveness of extracted visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Dušan Variš , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Continual learning enables pre-trained generative vision-language models (VLMs) to incorporate knowledge from new tasks without retraining data from previous ones. Recent methods update a visual projector to translate visual information for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Hyundong Jin , Hyung Jin Chang , Eunwoo Kim

Human intelligence effortlessly interprets visual scenes along a rich spectrum of semantic dimensions. However, existing approaches to language-grounded visual concept learning are limited to a few predefined primitive axes, such as color…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Whie Jung , Semin Kim , Junee Kim , Seunghoon Hong

User interface understanding with vision-language models (VLMs) has received much attention due to its potential for enhancing software automation. However, existing datasets used to build UI-VLMs either only contain large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hongxin Li , Jingfan Chen , Jingran Su , Yuntao Chen , Qing Li , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into visual domain tasks, resulting in visual-LLMs (V-LLMs), has enabled exceptional performance in vision-language tasks, particularly for visual question answering (VQA). However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Kanchana Ranasinghe , Satya Narayan Shukla , Omid Poursaeed , Michael S. Ryoo , Tsung-Yu Lin

Vision and Language Models (VLMs) continue to demonstrate remarkable zero-shot (ZS) performance across various tasks. However, many probing studies have revealed that even the best-performing VLMs struggle to capture aspects of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Navid Rajabi , Jana Kosecka

Unlike most neural language models, humans learn language in a rich, multi-sensory and, often, multi-lingual environment. Current language models typically fail to fully capture the complexities of multilingual language use. We train an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Khai-Nguyen Nguyen , Zixin Tang , Ankur Mali , Alex Kelly

Large Language Models integrating textual and visual inputs have introduced new possibilities for interpreting complex data. Despite their remarkable ability to generate coherent and contextually relevant text based on visual stimuli, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Giulio Antonio Abbo , Tony Belpaeme

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding plays a crucial role in enhancing the capabilities of Vision-Language Model (VLM) agents. While general VLMs, such as GPT-4V, demonstrate strong performance across various tasks, their proficiency in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Anthony Nguyen

Robots are finding wider adoption in human environments, increasing the need for natural human-robot interaction. However, understanding a natural language command requires the robot to infer the intended task and how to decompose it into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Julia Kuhn , Francesco Verdoja , Tsvetomila Mihaylova , Ville Kyrki

We have seen great progress in basic perceptual tasks such as object recognition and detection. However, AI models still fail to match humans in high-level vision tasks due to the lack of capacities for deeper reasoning. Recently the new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-12 Yuke Zhu , Oliver Groth , Michael Bernstein , Li Fei-Fei