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We study the identification of direct and indirect causes on time series and provide conditions in the presence of latent variables, which we prove to be necessary and sufficient under some graph constraints. Our theoretical results and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-23 Atalanti A. Mastakouri , Bernhard Schölkopf , Dominik Janzing

In recent years, there have been unprecedented technological advances in sensor technology, and sensors have become more affordable than ever. Thus, sensor-driven data collection is increasingly becoming an attractive and practical option…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Alireza Abdoli

Time series data is prevalent in a wide variety of real-world applications and it calls for trustworthy and explainable models for people to understand and fully trust decisions made by AI solutions. We consider the problem of building…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Tsung-Yu Hsieh , Suhang Wang , Yiwei Sun , Vasant Honavar

How do we learn from biased data? Historical datasets often reflect historical prejudices; sensitive or protected attributes may affect the observed treatments and outcomes. Classification algorithms tasked with predicting outcomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 David Madras , Elliot Creager , Toniann Pitassi , Richard Zemel

Causal inference is a fundamental research topic for discovering the cause-effect relationships in many disciplines. However, not all algorithms are equally well-suited for a given dataset. For instance, some approaches may only be able to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zhipeng Ma , Marco Kemmerling , Daniel Buschmann , Chrismarie Enslin , Daniel Lütticke , Robert H. Schmitt

In social sciences and economics, causal inference traditionally focuses on assessing the impact of predefined treatments (or interventions) on predefined outcomes, such as the effect of education programs on earnings. Causal discovery, in…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-12 Martin Huber

Much of scientific data is collected as randomized experiments intervening on some and observing other variables of interest. Quite often, a given phenomenon is investigated in several studies, and different sets of variables are involved…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-10-19 Antti Hyttinen , Frederick Eberhardt , Patrik O. Hoyer

Most causal discovery procedures assume that there are no latent confounders in the system, which is often violated in real-world problems. In this paper, we consider a challenging scenario for causal structure identification, where some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Biwei Huang , Charles Jia Han Low , Feng Xie , Clark Glymour , Kun Zhang

Causal disentanglement aims to learn about latent causal factors behind data, holding the promise to augment existing representation learning methods in terms of interpretability and extrapolation. Recent advances establish identifiability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Ryan Welch , Jiaqi Zhang , Caroline Uhler

We introduce a novel framework to financial time series forecasting that leverages causality-inspired models to balance the trade-off between invariance to distributional changes and minimization of prediction errors. To the best of our…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-20 Daniel Cunha Oliveira , Yutong Lu , Xi Lin , Mihai Cucuringu , Andre Fujita

Causal discovery from observational data holds great promise, but existing methods rely on strong assumptions about the underlying causal structure, often requiring full observability of all relevant variables. We tackle these challenges by…

The analysis of temporal networks heavily depends on the analysis of time-respecting paths. However, before being able to model and analyze the time-respecting paths, we have to infer the timescales at which the temporal edges influence…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-30 Luka V. Petrović , Anatol Wegner , Ingo Scholtes

Understanding causal relationships between machines is crucial for fault diagnosis and optimization in manufacturing processes. Real-world datasets frequently exhibit up to 90% missing data and high dimensionality from hundreds of sensors.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Ting-Yun Ou , Ching Chang , Wen-Chih Peng

Identifying latent variables and the causal structure involving them is essential across various scientific fields. While many existing works fall under the category of constraint-based methods (with e.g. conditional independence or rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ignavier Ng , Xinshuai Dong , Haoyue Dai , Biwei Huang , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

The growing availability and importance of time series data across various domains, including environmental science, epidemiology, and economics, has led to an increasing need for time-series causal discovery methods that can identify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Omar Faruque , Sahara Ali , Xue Zheng , Jianwu Wang

Many important phenomena in scientific fields like climate, neuroscience, and epidemiology are naturally represented as spatiotemporal gridded data with complex interactions. Inferring causal relationships from these data is a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Kun Wang , Sumanth Varambally , Duncan Watson-Parris , Yi-An Ma , Rose Yu

Recently, time series classification has attracted the attention of a large number of researchers, and hundreds of methods have been proposed. However, these methods often ignore the spatial correlations among dimensions and the local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Mingsen Du , Yanxuan Wei , Xiangwei Zheng , Cun Ji

Causal discovery, the task of inferring causal structure from data, has the potential to uncover mechanistic insights from biological experiments, especially those involving perturbations. However, causal discovery algorithms over larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Menghua Wu , Yujia Bao , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Inferring causal relationships from observational data is rarely straightforward, but the problem is especially difficult in high dimensions. For these applications, causal discovery algorithms typically require parametric restrictions or…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-29 David S. Watson , Ricardo Silva

Multivariate time series in domains such as finance, climate science, and healthcare often exhibit long-term trends, seasonal patterns, and short-term fluctuations, complicating causal inference under non-stationarity and autocorrelation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Muhammad Hasan Ferdous , Md Osman Gani