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Probabilistic circuits (PCs) offer a promising avenue to perform embedded reasoning under uncertainty. They support efficient and exact computation of various probabilistic inference tasks by design. Hence, hardware-efficient computation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lingyun Yao , Martin Trapp , Jelin Leslin , Gaurav Singh , Peng Zhang , Karthekeyan Periasamy , Martin Andraud

This paper presents efficient algorithms, designed to leverage SIMD for performing Montgomery reductions and additions on integers larger than 512 bits. The existing algorithms encounter inefficiencies when parallelized using SIMD due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Pengchang Ren , Reiji Suda , Vorapong Suppakitpaisarn

Today's PCs can directly manipulate numbers not longer than 64 bits because the size of the CPU registers and the data-path are limited. Consequently, arithmetic operations such as addition, can only be performed on numbers of that length.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Youssef Bassil , Aziz Barbar

Fault tolerance overhead of high performance computing (HPC) applications is becoming critical to the efficient utilization of HPC systems at large scale. HPC applications typically tolerate fail-stop failures by checkpointing. Another…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-06-22 Erlin Yao , Mingyu Chen , Rui Wang , Wenli Zhang , Guangming Tan

Modular reduction is a crucial operation in many post-quantum cryptographic schemes, including the Kyber key exchange method or Dilithium signature scheme. However, it can be computationally expensive and pose a performance bottleneck in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Robin Müller , Willi Meier , Christoph F. Wildfeuer

This paper describes an optimized implementation of a Forward Propagating Classification Neural Network which has been previously trained. The implementation described highlights a novel means of using Python scripts to generate a Verilog…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Matthew Joseph Adiletta , Brian Flanagan

Memcomputing is a novel computing paradigm beyond the von-Neumann one. Its digital version is designed for the efficient solution of combinatorial optimization problems, which emerge in various fields of science and technology. Previously,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Dyk Chung Nguyen , Yuan-Hang Zhang , Massimiliano Di Ventra , Yuriy V. Pershin

Matrix-matrix multiplication is a key computational kernel for numerous applications in science and engineering, with ample parallelism and data locality that lends itself well to high-performance implementations. Many matrix…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Yaman Umuroglu , Lahiru Rasnayake , Magnus Sjalander

The rapid development of large language models (LLM) has greatly enhanced everyday applications. While many FPGA-based accelerators, with flexibility for fine-grained data control, exhibit superior speed and energy efficiency compared to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zifan He , Shengyu Ye , Rui Ma , Yang Wang , Jason Cong

Electronic devices primarily aim to offer low power consumption, high speed, and a compact area. The performance of very large-scale integration (VLSI) devices is influenced by arithmetic operations, where multiplication is a crucial…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ali Ranjbar , Elham Esmaeili , Roghayeh Rafieisangari , Nabiollah Shiri

The reduction of a banded matrix to bidiagonal form is a critical step in the calculation of Singular Values, a cornerstone of scientific computing and AI. Although inherently parallel, this step has traditionally been considered unsuitable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Evelyne Ringoot , Rabab Alomairy , Alan Edelman

We present PDLP, a practical first-order method for linear programming (LP) designed to solve large-scale LP problems. PDLP is based on the primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) method applied to the minimax formulation of LP. PDLP…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-19 David Applegate , Mateo Díaz , Oliver Hinder , Haihao Lu , Miles Lubin , Brendan O'Donoghue , Warren Schudy

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and linear convolution implementations, integrating both conventional methods and novel approaches leveraging the Bit Slicing Multiplier (BSM) technique. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Aravind Kumar N , Hari Krishna S , Anita Angeline A

Dynamically scheduled high-level synthesis (HLS) achieves higher throughput than static HLS for codes with unpredictable memory accesses and control flow. However, excessive dataflow scheduling results in circuits that use more resources…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Robert Szafarczyk , Syed Waqar Nabi , Wim Vanderbauwhede

This brief addresses the problem of implementing very large constant multiplications by a single variable under the shift-adds architecture using a minimum number of adders/subtractors. Due to the intrinsic complexity of the problem, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Levent Aksoy , Debapriya Basu Roy , Malik Imran , Patrick Karl , Samuel Pagliarini

This paper reports on the computation of a discrete logarithm in the finite field $\mathbb F_{2^{30750}}$, breaking by a large margin the previous record, which was set in January 2014 by a computation in $\mathbb F_{2^{9234}}$. The present…

Flexibility and customization are key strengths of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) when compared to other computing devices. For instance, FPGAs can efficiently implement arbitrary-precision arithmetic operations, and can perform…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Junius Pun , Xilai Dai , Grace Zgheib , Mahesh A. Iyer , Andrew Boutros , Vaughn Betz , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

Dynamic programming (DP) based algorithms are essential yet compute-intensive parts of numerous bioinformatics pipelines, which typically involve populating a 2-D scoring matrix based on a recursive formula, optionally followed by a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yingqi Cao , Anshu Gupta , Jason Liang , Yatish Turakhia

In previous research, quantum resources were concretely estimated for solving Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem(ECDLP). In [1], the quantum algorithm was optimized for the binary elliptic curves and the main optimization target was…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-14 Hyeonhak Kim , Seokhie Hong

The paper presents a systematic study and implementation of a reconfigurable combinatorial multi-operand adder for use in Deep Learning systems. The size of carry changes with the number of operands and hence a reliable algorithm to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Shilpa Mayannavar , Uday Wali