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We show that the torus knot $T_{4,9}$ bounds a smooth M\"obius band in the $4$-ball, giving a counterexample to Batson's non-orientable analogue of Milnor's conjecture on the smooth slice genera of torus knots.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Andrew Lobb

Batson's conjecture is a non-orientable version of Milnor's conjecture, which states that the 4-ball genus of a torus knot $T(p,q)$ is equal to $\frac{(p-1)(q-1)}{2}$. Batson's conjecture states that the nonorientable 4-ball genus is equal…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Vincent Longo

The nonorientable four-ball genus of a knot $K$ in $S^3$ is the minimal first Betti number of nonorientable surfaces in $B^4$ bounded by $K$. By amalgamating ideas from involutive knot Floer homology and unoriented knot Floer homology, we…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Fraser Binns , Sungkyung Kang , Jonathan Simone , Paula Truöl

The nonorientable 4-genus $\gamma_4(K)$ of a knot $K$ is the smallest first Betti number of any nonorientable surface properly embedded in the 4-ball, and bounding the knot $K$. We study a conjecture proposed by Batson about the value of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Stanislav Jabuka , Cornelia A. Van Cott

We prove that the signature bound for the topological 4-genus of 3-strand torus knots is sharp, using McCoy's twisting method. We also show that the bound is off by at most 1 for 4-strand and 6-strand torus knots, and improve the upper…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Sebastian Baader , Ian Banfield , Lukas Lewark

We discuss differences between genera of smooth and locally-flat non-orientable surfaces in the 4-ball with boundary a given torus knot or 2-bridge knot. In particular, we establish that a result by Batson on the smooth non-orientable…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Peter Feller , Marco Golla

For each $g>0$ we give infinitely many knots that are strongly negative amphichiral, hence rationally slice and representing 2-torsion in the smooth concordance group, yet which do not bound any locally flatly embedded surface in the 4-ball…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-19 Allison N. Miller

We extend previous work by using a combination of band surgeries and known bounds to compute $\gamma_4(T_{4n, (2n\pm1)^2 + 4n-2}) = 2n-1$ for all $n \geq 1$. We further generalize this result by showing that $\gamma_4(T_{4n + 2k, n(4n + 2k)…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-07-31 Shreya Sinha

Let \nu be any integer-valued additive knot invariant that bounds the smooth 4-genus of a knot K, |\nu(K)| <= g_4(K), and determines the 4-ball genus of positive torus knots, \nu(T_{p,q}) = (p-1)(q-1)/2. Either of the knot concordance…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-03-10 Charles Livingston , Swatee Naik

The non-orientable 4-genus of a knot $K$ in $S^{3}$, denoted $\gamma_4(K)$, measures the minimum genus of a non-orientable surface in $B^{4}$ bounded by $K$. We compute bounds for the non-orientable 4-genus of knots $T_{5, q}$ and $T_{6,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Megan Fairchild , Hailey Jay Garcia , Jake Murphy , Hannah Percle

Among the knots that are the connected sum of two torus knots with cobordism distance 1, we characterize those that have 4-dimensional clasp number at least 2, and we show that their n-fold connected self-sum has 4-dimensional clasp number…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-08-27 Peter Feller , JungHwan Park

We consider a homology sphere $M_n(K_1,K_2)$ presented by two knots $K_1,K_2$ with linking number 1 and framing $(0,n)$. We call the manifold {\it Matsumoto's manifold}. We show that there exists no contractible bound of $M_n(T_{2,3},K_2)$…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-06-30 Motoo Tange

In formulating a non-orientable analogue of the Milnor Conjecture on the $4$-genus of torus knots, Batson developed an elegant construction that produces a smooth non-orientable spanning surface in $B^4$ for a given torus knot in $S^3$.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-03-16 Joshua M. Sabloff

Double twist knots $K_{m, n}$ are known to be rationally slice if $mn = 0$, $n = -m\pm 1$, or $n = -m$. In this paper, we prove the converse. It is done by showing that infinitely many prime power-fold cyclic branched covers of the other…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Jaewon Lee

We present three large families of new examples of plumbed 3-manifolds that bound rational homology 4-balls. These are constructed using two operations, also defined here, that preserve the lack of a lattice embedding obstruction to…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Lisa Lokteva

We show that all large enough positive integral surgeries on algebraic knots bound a 4-manifold with a negative definite plumbing tree, which we describe explicitly. Then we apply the lattice embedding obstruction coming from Donaldson's…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Lisa Lokteva

We develop obstructions to a knot K in the 3-sphere bounding a smooth punctured Klein bottle in the 4-ball. The simplest of these is based on the linking form of the 2-fold branched cover of the 3-sphere branched over K. Stronger…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Patrick M. Gilmer , Charles Livingston

We construct an infinite family of hyperbolic, homologically thin knots that are not quasi-alternating. To establish the latter, we argue that the branched double-cover of each knot in the family does not bound a negative definite…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Joshua Evan Greene , Liam Watson

We investigate the nonorientable 4-genus $\gamma_4$ of a special family of 2-bridge knots, the twist knots and double twist knots $C(m,n)$. Because the nonorientable 4-genus is bounded by the nonorientable 3-genus, it is known that…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-03-30 Jim Hoste , Patrick D. Shanahan , Cornelia A. Van Cott

We show there exist infinitely many knots of every fixed genus $g\geq 2$ which do not admit surgery to an L-space, despite resembling algebraic knots and L-space knots in general: they are algebraically concordant to the torus knot…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Filip Misev , Gilberto Spano
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