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We expand the class of holographic quantum error correcting codes by developing the notion of block perfect tensors, a wider class that includes previously defined perfect tensors. The relaxation of this constraint opens up a range of other…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-07 Robert J. Harris , Nathan A. McMahon , Gavin K. Brennen , Thomas M. Stace

Distributing qubits across quantum processing units (QPUs) connected by shared entanglement enables scaling beyond monolithic architectures. Hyperbolic Floquet codes use only weight-2 measurements and are good candidates for distributed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Aygul Azatovna Galimova

Quantum error correction is widely believed to be essential for large-scale quantum computation, but the required qubit overhead remains a central challenge. Quantum low-density parity-check codes can substantially reduce this overhead…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Chen Zhao , Casey Duckering , Andi Gu , Nishad Maskara , Hengyun Zhou

We propose quaternion-based strategies for quantum error correction by extending quantum mechanics into quaternionic Hilbert spaces. Building on the properties of quaternionic quantum states, we define quaternionic analogues of Pauli…

Classical error-correcting codes are powerful but incompatible with quantum noise, which includes both bit-flips and phase-flips. We introduce Hadamard-based Virtual Error Correction (H-VEC), a protocol that empowers any classical bit-flip…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Tenzan Araki , Joseph F. Goodwin , Zhenyu Cai

We introduce a novel type of quantum error correcting code, called the spinor code, based on spaces defined by total spin. The code is a nonstabilizer code, and is also a nonlinear quantum error correcting code, meaning that quantum…

Geometrically local quantum codes, which are error correction codes embedded in $\mathbb{R}^D$ with checks acting only on qubits within a fixed spatial distance, have garnered significant interest. Recently, it has been demonstrated how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Quinten Eggerickx , Adam Wills , Ting-Chun Lin , Kristiaan De Greve , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

We show that quantum circuits cannot be made fault-tolerant against a depolarizing noise level of approximately 45%, thereby improving on a previous bound of 50% (due to Razborov). Our precise quantum circuit model enables perfect gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Harry Buhrman , Richard Cleve , Monique Laurent , Noah Linden , Alexander Schrijver , Falk Unger

Noise in quantum computing is countered with quantum error correction. Achieving optimal performance will require tailoring codes and decoding algorithms to account for features of realistic noise, such as the common situation where the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-02 David K. Tuckett , Stephen D. Bartlett , Steven T. Flammia , Benjamin J. Brown

A central goal in quantum error correction is to reduce the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computing by increasing noise thresholds and reducing the number of physical qubits required to sustain a logical qubit. We introduce a potential…

We present a semidefinite program optimization approach to quantum error correction that yields codes and recovery procedures that are robust against significant variations in the noise channel. Our approach allows us to optimize the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. L. Kosut , A. Shabani , D. A. Lidar

Topological subsystem codes proposed recently by Bombin are quantum error correcting codes defined on a two-dimensional grid of qubits that permit reliable quantum information storage with a constant error threshold. These codes require…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Martin Suchara , Sergey Bravyi , Barbara M. Terhal

The quantum error correction theory is as a rule formulated in a rather convoluted way, in comparison to classical algebraic theory. This work revisits the error correction in a noisy quantum channel so as to make it intelligible to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-17 C. M. F. Barros , Francisco Marcos de Assis , H. M. de Oliveira

Recent progress in quantum computing has enabled systems with tens of reliable logical qubits, built from thousands of noisy physical qubits. However, many impactful applications demand quantum computations with millions of logical qubits,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Daiki Komoto , Kenta Kasai

We show how entanglement-assisted codes can be constructed from arbitrary quantum codes by associating them with quantum codes for erasure channels. If a subset of physical qubits is correctable for an erasure error, then it naturally forms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Jaszmine DeFranco , Andrew Nemec

Superdense Coding is a cornerstone in secure quantum communication, exploiting pre-shared entanglement to encode two classical bits within a single qubit. However, noise and decoherence deteriorate entanglement quality, restricting both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-18 Syed Emad Uddin Shubha , Tasnuva Farheen

Motivated by the close relationship between quantum error-correction, topological order, the holographic AdS/CFT duality, and tensor networks, we initiate the study of approximate quantum error-detecting codes in matrix product states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-17 Martina Gschwendtner , Robert Koenig , Burak Şahinoğlu , Eugene Tang

Color codes are promising quantum error correction (QEC) codes because they have an advantage over surface codes in that all Clifford gates can be implemented transversally. However, thresholds of color codes under circuit-level noise are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Yugo Takada , Keisuke Fujii

Efficient and high-performance quantum error correction is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. Low-depth random circuits offer a promising approach to identifying effective and practical encoding strategies. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Guoding Liu , Zhenyu Du , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Often in QEC errors are assumed to be independent and identically distributed and can be discretised to a random Pauli error during the execution of a…