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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been widely used to solve partial differential equations in a forward and inverse manner using deep neural networks. However, training these networks can be challenging for multiscale problems.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-01 Sukirt Thakur , Maziar Raissi , Harsa Mitra , Arezoo Ardekani

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown promise for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by directly embedding them into the loss function. Despite their notable success, existing PINNs often exhibit training…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Chang Wei , Yuchen Fan , Chin Chun Ooi , Jian Cheng Wong , Heyang Wang , Pao-Hsiung Chiu

The use of deep learning methods in scientific computing represents a potential paradigm shift in engineering problem solving. One of the most prominent developments is Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), in which neural networks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Pratanu Roy , Stephen Castonguay

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) show significant potential for solving inverse problems, especially when observations are limited and sparse, provided that the relevant physical equations are known. We use PINNs to estimate smooth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Moises Sierpe , Ernesto Castillo , Hernan Mella , Felipe Galarce

We establish the convergence of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for time-dependent fractional diffusion equations posed on bounded domains. The presence of fractional Laplacian operators introduces nonlocal behavior and regularity…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Elie Abdo , Lihui Chai , Ruimeng Hu , Xu Yang

In recent years, Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been widely used to solve partial differential equations alongside numerical methods because PINNs can be trained without observations and deal with continuous-time problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Yongho Kim , Yongho Choi

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by embedding physical laws directly into neural network training. However, solving high-fidelity PDEs remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Olaf Yunus Laitinen Imanov

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as an alternative way of solving partial differential equations (PDEs) without the need of building elaborate grids, instead, using a straightforward implementation. In…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Dongkun Zhang , Lu Lu , Ling Guo , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as powerful tools for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, training PINNs from scratch is often computationally intensive and time-consuming. To address this problem,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-21 Sidi Wu

The transformative impact of machine learning, particularly Deep Learning (DL), on scientific and engineering domains is evident. In the context of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) represent a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-04-05 Siddharth Raghu , Rajdip Nayek , Vamsi Chalamalla

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) offer a unified framework for solving both forward and inverse problems of differential equations, yet their performance and physical consistency strongly depend on how governing laws are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Guojie Li , Liu Hong

Despite the great promise of the physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) in solving forward and inverse problems, several technical challenges are present as roadblocks for more complex and realistic applications. First, most existing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Han Gao , Matthew J. Zahr , Jian-Xun Wang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown remarkable prospects in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) involving fluid mechanics. However, the method has so far succeeded only in inviscid flows and incompressible viscous…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-24 Jiahao Song , Wenbo Cao , Weiwei Zhang

I will demonstrate the effectiveness of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) when training data are scarce or noisy. The training data can be located either at the boundaries or within…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-28 Hubert Baty

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have great potential for flexibility and effectiveness in forward modeling and inversion of seismic waves. However, coordinate-based neural networks (NNs) commonly suffer from the "spectral bias"…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-19 Yi Ding , Su Chen , Hiroe Miyake , Xiaojun Li

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are promising to replace conventional partial differential equation (PDE) solvers by offering more accurate and flexible PDE solutions. However, they are hampered by the relatively slow convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Mohammad H. Taufik , Tariq Alkhalifah

This paper investigates the application of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for solving the inverse advection-diffusion problem to localize pollution sources. The study focuses on optimizing neural network architectures to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ivan Chuprov , Denis Derkach , Dmitry Efremenko , Aleksei Kychkin

This work proposes a wavelet-based physics-informed quantum neural network framework to efficiently address multiscale partial differential equations that involve sharp gradients, stiffness, rapid local variations, and highly oscillatory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Deepak Gupta , Himanshu Pandey , Ratikanta Behera

The great success of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) has significantly advanced our simulation and understanding of complex physical systems in science and engineering. However, many…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Hao Zhang , Longxiang Jiang , Xinkun Chu , Yong Wen , Luxiong Li , Yonghao Xiao , Liyuan Wang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) represent a new paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating physical laws into the learning process of neural networks. However, ensuring that such frameworks fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Nanxi Chen , Sifan Wang , Rujin Ma , Airong Chen , Chuanjie Cui