English
Related papers

Related papers: Establishing Rigorous and Cost-effective Clinical …

200 papers

The integration of artificial intelligence [AI] into clinical trials has revolutionized the process of drug development and personalized medicine. Among these advancements, deep learning and predictive modelling have emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Sydney Anuyah , Mallika K Singh , Hope Nyavor

Clinical trials constitute a critical yet exceptionally challenging and costly stage of drug development (\$2.6B per drug), where protocols are encoded as complex natural language documents, motivating the use of AI systems beyond manual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Sixue Xing , Kerui Wu , Xuanye Xia , Meng Jiang , Jintai Chen , Tianfan Fu

Healthcare is one of the most promising areas for machine learning models to make a positive impact. However, successful adoption of AI-based systems in healthcare depends on engaging and educating stakeholders from diverse backgrounds…

Although artificial intelligence (AI) shows growing promise for mental health care, current approaches to evaluating AI tools in this domain remain fragmented and poorly aligned with clinical practice, social context, and first-hand user…

Cost-Effectiveness Analyses (CEAs) alongside randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are increasingly often designed to collect resource use and preference-based health status data for the purpose of healthcare technology assessment. However,…

Applications · Statistics 2016-07-22 Andrea Gabrio , Alexina Mason , Gianluca Baio

Background: Globally we face a projected shortage of 11 million healthcare practitioners by 2030, and administrative burden consumes 50% of clinical time. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to help alleviate these problems.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Hashim Hayat , Maksim Kudrautsau , Evgeniy Makarov , Vlad Melnichenko , Tim Tsykunou , Piotr Varaksin , Matt Pavelle , Adam Z. Oskowitz

In the modern healthcare system, rapidly expanding costs/complexity, the growing myriad of treatment options, and exploding information streams that often do not effectively reach the front lines hinder the ability to choose optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Casey C. Bennett , Kris Hauser

Human uplift studies, or studies that measure the effects of AI access on human performance via randomized controlled trials (RCT) or similar methodologies, increasingly inform frontier AI governance and deployment decisions. While RCT…

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is exhibiting tremendous potential to reduce the massive costs and long timescales of drug discovery. There are however important challenges currently limiting the impact and scope of AI models.…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-25 Ghita Ghislat , Saiveth Hernandez-Hernandez , Chayanit Piyawajanusorn , Pedro J. Ballester

Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds great promise for transforming healthcare, particularly in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and patient care. The increasing availability of digital medical data, such as images, omics, biosignals, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Pedro A. Moreno-Sánchez , Javier Del Ser , Mark van Gils , Jussi Hernesniemi

Purpose: Most studies evaluating artificial intelligence (AI) models that detect abnormalities in neuroimaging are either tested on unrepresentative patient cohorts or are insufficiently well-validated, leading to poor generalisability to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-10 Siddharth Agarwal , David A. Wood , Mariusz Grzeda , Chandhini Suresh , Munaib Din , James Cole , Marc Modat , Thomas C Booth

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed various sectors, including healthcare, where it holds the potential to revolutionize clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. However, its integration into medical settings brings…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Ellison B. Weiner , Irene Dankwa-Mullan , William A. Nelson , Saeed Hassanpour

The use of machine learning to develop intelligent software tools for interpretation of radiology images has gained widespread attention in recent years. The development, deployment, and eventual adoption of these models in clinical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Viraj Kulkarni , Manish Gawali , Amit Kharat

Recent Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have matched or exceeded human experts in several benchmarks of biomedical task performance, but surgical benchmarks in particular are often missing from prominent medical benchmark suites. Since…

Publicly accessible benchmarks that allow for assessing and comparing model performances are important drivers of progress in artificial intelligence (AI). While recent advances in AI capabilities hold the potential to transform medical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Kathrin Blagec , Jakob Kraiger , Wolfgang Frühwirt , Matthias Samwald

The clinical adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics is critically hampered by its black-box nature, which prevents clinicians from verifying the rationale behind automated decisions. To overcome this fundamental…

Artificial intelligence (AI) researchers claim that they have made great `achievements' in clinical realms. However, clinicians point out the so-called `achievements' have no ability to implement into natural clinical settings. The root…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Yunyou Huang , Zhifei Zhang , Nana Wang , Nengquan Li , Mengjia Du , Tianshu Hao , Jianfeng Zhan

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have made tremendous advancements in the past decades. From simple recommendation systems to more complex tumor identification systems, AI/ML systems have been utilized in a plethora of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Atul Rawal , Katie Johnson , Curtis Mitchell , Michael Walton , Diamond Nwankwo

Objective. Clinical AI documentation systems require evaluation methodologies that are clinically valid, economically viable, and sensitive to iterative changes. Methods requiring expert review per scoring instance are too slow and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Aaryan Shah , Andrew Hines , Alexia Downs , Denis Bajet , Paulius Mui , Fabiano Araujo , Laura Offutt , Aida Rutledge , Elizabeth Jimenez

A clinical trial is an essential step in drug development, which is often costly and time-consuming. In silico trials are clinical trials conducted digitally through simulation and modeling as an alternative to traditional clinical trials.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-20 Zifeng Wang , Chufan Gao , Lucas M. Glass , Jimeng Sun