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Spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies enable gene expression profiling with spatial resolution, offering unprecedented insights into tissue organization and disease heterogeneity. However, current analysis methods often struggle with…

The recent advancement of spatial transcriptomics (ST) allows to characterize spatial gene expression within tissue for discovery research. However, current ST platforms suffer from low resolution, hindering in-depth understanding of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Xiaofei Wang , Xingxu Huang , Stephen J. Price , Chao Li

Tumour heterogeneity in breast cancer poses challenges in predicting outcome and response to therapy. Spatial transcriptomics technologies may address these challenges, as they provide a wealth of information about gene expression at the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Md Mamunur Rahaman , Ewan K. A. Millar , Erik Meijering

Spatial transcriptomics offers spatially resolved gene expression profiling within tissue sections, but its cost and limited throughput hinder large-scale deployment. To extend this capability to routine practice, recent computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Keunho Byeon , Jin Tae Kwak

The integration of spatial multi-omics data from single tissues is crucial for advancing biological research. However, a significant data imbalance impedes progress: while spatial transcriptomics data is relatively abundant, spatial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Zhaorui Jiang , Yingfang Yuan , Lei Hu , Wei Pang

Reliable uncertainty quantification is critical in multivariate time series forecasting problems arising in domains such as energy systems and transportation networks, among many others. Although Transformer-based architectures have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Rajdeep Pathak , Rahul Goswami , Madhurima Panja , Palash Ghosh , Tanujit Chakraborty

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies can be used to align transcriptomes with histopathological morphology, presenting exciting new opportunities for biomolecular discovery. Using ST data, we construct a novel framework, GeneFlow, to…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-04 Mengbo Wang , Shourya Verma , Aditya Malusare , Luopin Wang , Yiyang Lu , Vaneet Aggarwal , Mario Sola , Ananth Grama , Nadia Atallah Lanman

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) captures gene expression within distinct regions (i.e., windows) of a tissue slide. Traditional supervised learning frameworks applied to model ST are constrained to predicting expression from slide image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Yan Yang , Md Zakir Hossain , Xuesong Li , Shafin Rahman , Eric Stone

Cellular identity and function are linked to both their intrinsic genomic makeup and extrinsic spatial context within the tissue microenvironment. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) offers an unprecedented opportunity to study this, providing in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Rui Yan , Xiaohan Xing , Xun Wang , Zixia Zhou , Md Tauhidul Islam , Lei Xing

Spatial transcriptomics is an emerging technology that aligns histopathology images with spatially resolved gene expression profiling. It holds the potential for understanding many diseases but faces significant bottlenecks such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Gabriel Mejia , Paula Cárdenas , Daniela Ruiz , Angela Castillo , Pablo Arbeláez

Spatially resolved transcriptomics is a fast-developing set of technologies that enables the measurement of localized gene expression across spatial locations in a sample. Detecting spatially varying genes is critical for analyzing such…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-22 Pritam Dey , Rajarshi Guhaniyogi , Yang Ni , Bani K. Mallick

The development of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics has revolutionized our capacity to investigate cellular properties, functions, and interactions in both cellular and spatial contexts. However, the analysis of single-cell and…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-09 Shuang Ge , Shuqing Sun , Huan Xu , Qiang Cheng , Zhixiang Ren

Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) allows a high-resolution measurement of RNA sequence abundance by systematically connecting cell morphology depicted in Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained histology images to spatially resolved gene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Sichen Zhu , Yuchen Zhu , Molei Tao , Peng Qiu

Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) is a technology that measures gene expression profiles within tissue sections while retaining spatial context. It reveals localized gene expression patterns and tissue heterogeneity, both of which are essential…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-24 Wei Zhang , Jiajun Chu , Xinci Liu , Chen Tong , Xinyue Li

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) is a crucial technique for material surface analysis, yet interpreting its spectra is often challenging for both human analysts and automated methods due to the prevalence of variable spectral shifts…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-06 Issa Saddiq , Yuxin Fan , Robert G. Palgrave , Mark A. Isaacs , David Morgan , Keith T. Butler

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has emerged as an advanced technology that provides spatial context to gene expression. Recently, deep learning-based methods have shown the capability to predict gene expression from WSI data using ST data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Mingcheng Qu , Yuncong Wu , Donglin Di , Anyang Su , Tonghua Su , Yang Song , Lei Fan

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) provides high-resolution pathological images and whole-transcriptomic expression profiles at individual spots across whole-slide scales. This setting makes it an ideal data source to develop multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yuxiang Lin , Ling Luo , Ying Chen , Xushi Zhang , Zihui Wang , Wenxian Yang , Mengsha Tong , Rongshan Yu

Spatial transcriptomics enables simultaneous measurement of gene expression and tissue morphology, offering unprecedented insights into cellular organization and disease mechanisms. However, the field lacks comprehensive benchmarks for…

Spatial transcriptomics enables gene expression profiling with spatial context, offering unprecedented insights into the tissue microenvironment. However, most computational models treat genes as isolated numerical features, ignoring the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jiangkai Long , Yanran Zhu , Chang Tang , Kun Sun , Yuanyuan Liu , Xuesong Yan

Spatially resolved transcriptomics (ST) measures gene expression along with the spatial coordinates of the measurements. The analysis of ST data involves significant computation complexity. In this work, we propose gene expression…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-24 Zhuoyan Xu , Kris Sankaran