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Modern web applications rely heavily on client-side API calls to fetch data, render content, and communicate with backend services. However, the quality of these network interactions (redundant requests, missing cache headers, oversized…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ali Hassaan Mughal , Muhammad Bilal , Noor Fatima

With the growth of the Internet, buying habits have changed, and customers have become more dependent on the online opinions of other customers to guide their purchases. Identifying fake reviews thus became an important area for Natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Ming Liu , Massimo Poesio

Not everything on the internet is true. This unfortunate fact requires both humans and models to perform complex reasoning about credibility when working with retrieved information. In NLP, this problem has seen little attention. Indeed,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Michael Schlichtkrull

To automatically test web applications, crawling-based techniques are usually adopted to mine the behavior models, explore the state spaces or detect the violated invariants of the applications. However, in existing crawlers, rules for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Jun-Wei Lin , Farn Wang

Web measurements are a well-established methodology for assessing the security and privacy landscape of the Internet. However, existing top lists of popular websites are unlabeled and lack semantic information about the nature of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Simone Bozzolan , Stefano Calzavara , Lorenzo Cazzaro

Organisations disclose their privacy practices by posting privacy policies on their website. Even though users often care about their digital privacy, they often don't read privacy policies since they require a significant investment in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Mukund Srinath , Shomir Wilson , C. Lee Giles

Diverse studies have analyzed the quality of automatically generated test cases by using test smells as the main quality attribute. But recent work reported that generated tests may suffer a number of quality issues not necessarily…

Current TSA evaluation in a cross-domain setup is restricted to the small set of review domains available in existing datasets. Such an evaluation is limited, and may not reflect true performance on sites like Amazon or Yelp that host…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Matan Orbach , Orith Toledo-Ronen , Artem Spector , Ranit Aharonov , Yoav Katz , Noam Slonim

In this paper we discuss several issues related to automated text classification of web sites. We analyze the nature of web content and metadata in relation to requirements for text features. We find that HTML metatags are a good source of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-05-23 John M. Pierre

Recently, the development and implementation of phishing attacks require little technical skills and costs. This uprising has led to an ever-growing number of phishing attacks on the World Wide Web. Consequently, proactive techniques to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Chidimma Opara , Bo Wei , Yingke Chen

Automated analysis of privacy policies has proved a fruitful research direction, with developments such as automated policy summarization, question answering systems, and compliance detection. Prior research has been limited to analysis of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Ryan Amos , Gunes Acar , Eli Lucherini , Mihir Kshirsagar , Arvind Narayanan , Jonathan Mayer

Detecting controversy in general web pages is a daunting task, but increasingly essential to efficiently moderate discussions and effectively filter problematic content. Unfortunately, controversies occur across many topics and domains,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Jasper Linmans , Bob van de Velde , Evangelos Kanoulas

Internet-based economies and societies are drowning in deceptive attacks. These attacks take many forms, such as fake news, phishing, and job scams, which we call "domains of deception." Machine-learning and natural-language-processing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Rakesh M. Verma , Nachum Dershowitz , Victor Zeng , Xuting Liu

An ideal detection system for machine generated content is supposed to work well on any generator as many more advanced LLMs come into existence day by day. Existing systems often struggle with accurately identifying AI-generated content…

Phishing attacks are an increasingly potent web-based threat, with nearly 1.5 million websites created on a monthly basis. In this work, we present the first study towards identifying such attacks through phishing reports shared by users on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Sayak Saha Roy , Unique Karanjit , Shirin Nilizadeh

The most widespread type of phishing attack involves email messages with links pointing to malicious content. Despite user training and the use of detection techniques, these attacks are still highly effective. Recent studies show that it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Daniele Lain , Yoshimichi Nakatsuka , Kari Kostiainen , Gene Tsudik , Srdjan Capkun

Modern language models are trained on large, unstructured datasets consisting of trillions of tokens and obtained by crawling the web. The unstructured nature makes it difficult to reason about their contents and develop systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Alexander Wettig , Kyle Lo , Sewon Min , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Danqi Chen , Luca Soldaini

This paper introduces CommonForms, a web-scale dataset for form field detection. It casts the problem of form field detection as object detection: given an image of a page, predict the location and type (Text Input, Choice Button,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Joe Barrow

Recent years have witnessed a significant increase in the online sharing of medical information, with videos representing a large fraction of such online sources. Previous studies have however shown that more than half of the health-related…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Rui Hou , Verónica Pérez-Rosas , Stacy Loeb , Rada Mihalcea

Getting informed of what is registered in the Web space on time, can greatly help the psychologists, marketers and political analysts to familiarize, analyse, make decision and act correctly based on the society`s different needs. The great…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-02-10 Mehdi Naghavi , Mohsen Sharifi