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This project investigates the efficacy of Large Language Models (LLMs) in understanding and extracting scientific knowledge across specific domains and to create a deep learning framework: Knowledge AI. As a part of this framework, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Balaji Muralidharan , Hayden Beadles , Reza Marzban , Kalyan Sashank Mupparaju

A common way to use large pre-trained language models for downstream tasks is to fine tune them using additional layers. This may not work well if downstream domain is a specialized domain whereas the large language model has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Vanessa Liao , Syed Shariyar Murtaza , Yifan Nie , Jimmy Lin

The efficacy of large language models (LLMs) is heavily dependent on the quality of the underlying data, particularly within specialized domains. A common challenge when fine-tuning LLMs for domain-specific applications is the potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Jianwei Sun , Chaoyang Mei , Linlin Wei , Kaiyu Zheng , Na Liu , Ming Cui , Tianyi Li

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) integrate visual and linguistic reasoning to address complex tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. While MLLMs demonstrate remarkable versatility, MLLMs appears limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Wenke Huang , Jian Liang , Xianda Guo , Yiyang Fang , Guancheng Wan , Xuankun Rong , Chi Wen , Zekun Shi , Qingyun Li , Didi Zhu , Yanbiao Ma , Ke Liang , Bin Yang , He Li , Jiawei Shao , Mang Ye , Bo Du

Tuning a database system to achieve optimal performance on a given workload is a long-standing problem in the database community. A number of recent works have leveraged ML-based approaches to guide the sampling of large parameter spaces…

Recently, decomposing complex problems into simple subtasks--a crucial part of human-like natural planning--to solve the given problem has significantly boosted the performance of large language models (LLMs). However, leveraging such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Mihir Parmar , Palash Goyal , Xin Liu , Yiwen Song , Mingyang Ling , Chitta Baral , Hamid Palangi , Tomas Pfister

Multi-modal Large Language Model (MLLM) refers to a model expanded from a Large Language Model (LLM) that possesses the capability to handle and infer multi-modal data. Current MLLMs typically begin by using LLMs to decompose tasks into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Yongqiang Zhao , Zhenyu Li , Feng Zhang , Xinhai Xu , Donghong Liu

This paper studies the performance of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) in text classification tasks typical for political science research. By examining tasks like stance, topic, and relevance classification, we aim to guide…

Large language models (LLMs) perform strongly across tasks and languages, yet how improvements in one task or language affect other tasks and languages remains poorly understood. We conduct a controlled LoRA fine-tuning study across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Kajetan Dymkiewicz , Ivan Vulic , Helen Yannakoudakis , Eilam Shapira , Roi Reichart , Anna Korhonen

The recent success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has garnered significant attention in both academia and industry. Prior research on LLMs has primarily focused on enhancing or leveraging their generalization capabilities in zero- and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Shulin Liu , Chengcheng Xu , Hao Liu , Tinghao Yu , Tao Yang

While pre-trained language model (PLM) fine-tuning has achieved strong performance in many NLP tasks, the fine-tuning stage can be still demanding in labeled data. Recent works have resorted to active fine-tuning to improve the label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Yue Yu , Lingkai Kong , Jieyu Zhang , Rongzhi Zhang , Chao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, yet face challenges in specialized tasks such as simulating opinions on environmental policies. This paper introduces a novel fine-tuning approach that integrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Haocheng Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success in supporting a wide range of knowledge-intensive tasks. In specialized domains, there is growing interest in leveraging LLMs to assist subject matter experts with domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Aman Kumar , Ekant Muljibhai Amin , Xian Yeow Lee , Lasitha Vidyaratne , Ahmed K. Farahat , Dipanjan D. Ghosh , Yuta Koreeda , Chetan Gupta

Prompting Large Language Models (LLMs), or providing context on the expected model of operation, is an effective way to steer the outputs of such models to satisfy human desiderata after they have been trained. But in rapidly evolving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Younwoo Choi , Muhammad Adil Asif , Ziwen Han , John Willes , Rahul G. Krishnan

We propose a new finetuning method to provide pre-trained large language models (LMs) the ability to scale test-time compute through the diffusion framework. By increasing the number of diffusion steps, we show our finetuned models achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Edoardo Cetin , Tianyu Zhao , Yujin Tang

Large Language Model (LLM) agents show great promise for complex, multi-turn tool-use tasks, but their development is often hampered by the extreme scarcity of high-quality training data. Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on synthetic data leads…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Siyuan Lu , Zechuan Wang , Hongxuan Zhang , Qintong Wu , Leilei Gan , Chenyi Zhuang , Jinjie Gu , Tao Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success as general-purpose task solvers across various fields. However, their capabilities remain limited when addressing domain-specific problems, particularly in downstream NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi , Ali Ezzat Shahroor , Maram Hasanain , Sahinur Rahman Laskar , Naeemul Hassan , Firoj Alam

Fine-tuning large language models for different tasks can be costly and inefficient, and even methods that reduce the number of tuned parameters still require full gradient-based optimization. We propose HyperTuning, a novel approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Jason Phang , Yi Mao , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen

Unsupervised pre-training approaches have achieved great success in many fields such as Computer Vision (CV), Natural Language Processing (NLP) and so on. However, compared to typical deep learning models, pre-training or even fine-tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Penghao Jiang , Xuanchen Hou , Yinsi Zhou

The proliferation of open-sourced Large Language Models (LLMs) and diverse downstream tasks necessitates efficient model selection, given the impracticality of fine-tuning all candidates due to computational constraints. Despite the recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinyue Zeng , Haohui Wang , Junhong Lin , Jun Wu , Tyler Cody , Dawei Zhou