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Knowledge Graphs (KGs) contain vast amounts of linked resources that encode knowledge in various domains, which can be queried and searched for using specialized languages like SPARQL, a query language developed to query KGs. Existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Benedikt Kantz , Stefan Lengauer , Peter Waldert , Tobias Schreck

The SPARQL query language is the standard method to access knowledge graphs (KGs). However, formulating SPARQL queries is a significant challenge for non-expert users, and remains time-consuming for the experienced ones. Best practices…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Yousouf Taghzouti , Franck Michel , Tao Jiang , Louis-Félix Nothias , Fabien Gandon

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning abilities yet remain unreliable on knowledge-intensive, multi-hop questions -- they miss long-tail facts, hallucinate when uncertain, and their internal knowledge lags…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jia Ao Sun , Hao Yu , Fabrizio Gotti , Fengran Mo , Yihong Wu , Yuchen Hui , Jian-Yun Nie

Knowledge graphs (KGs) have transformed data management within the manufacturing industry, offering effective means for integrating disparate data sources through shared and structured conceptual schemas. However, harnessing the power of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Sebastian Monka , Irlan Grangel-González , Stefan Schmid , Lavdim Halilaj , Marc Rickart , Oliver Rudolph , Rui Dias

Large language models present opportunities for innovative Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs (KGQA). However, they are not inherently designed for query generation. To bridge this gap, solutions have been proposed that rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jacopo D'Abramo , Andrea Zugarini , Paolo Torroni

While current tasks of converting natural language to SQL (NL2SQL) using Foundation Models have shown impressive achievements, adapting these approaches for converting natural language to Graph Query Language (NL2GQL) encounters hurdles due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yuhang Zhou , Yu He , Siyu Tian , Yuchen Ni , Zhangyue Yin , Xiang Liu , Chuanjun Ji , Sen Liu , Xipeng Qiu , Guangnan Ye , Hongfeng Chai

The task of answering natural language questions over RDF data has received wide interest in recent years, in particular in the context of the series of QALD benchmarks. The task consists of mapping a natural language question to an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Sherzod Hakimov , Soufian Jebbara , Philipp Cimiano

Large language models excel in question-answering (QA) yet still struggle with multi-hop reasoning and temporal questions. Query-based knowledge graph QA (KGQA) offers a modular alternative by generating executable queries instead of direct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Artem Alekseev , Mikhail Chaichuk , Miron Butko , Alexander Panchenko , Elena Tutubalina , Oleg Somov

Question Answering (QA) is a widely-used framework for developing and evaluating an intelligent machine. In this light, QA on Electronic Health Records (EHR), namely EHR QA, can work as a crucial milestone towards developing an intelligent…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Junwoo Park , Youngwoo Cho , Haneol Lee , Jaegul Choo , Edward Choi

Knowledge base question answering (KBQA) aims to answer user questions in natural language using rich human knowledge stored in large KBs. As current KBQA methods struggle with unseen knowledge base elements at test time,we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Shengxiang Gao , Jey Han Lau , Jianzhong Qi

This paper presents a novel approach based on semantic parsing to improve the performance of Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA). Specifically, we focus on how to select an optimal query graph from a candidate set so as to retrieve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Yonghui Jia , Wenliang Chen

Conversational question answering (convQA) over knowledge graphs (KGs) involves answering multi-turn natural language questions about information contained in a KG. State-of-the-art methods of ConvQA often struggle with inexplicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Lihui Liu , Blaine Hill , Boxin Du , Fei Wang , Hanghang Tong

Question answering (QA) models have shown rapid progress enabled by the availability of large, high-quality benchmark datasets. Such annotated datasets are difficult and costly to collect, and rarely exist in languages other than English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Patrick Lewis , Barlas Oğuz , Ruty Rinott , Sebastian Riedel , Holger Schwenk

The generation of questions and answers (QA) from knowledge graphs (KG) plays a crucial role in the development and testing of educational platforms, dissemination tools, and large language models (LLM). However, existing approaches often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sania Nayab , Marco Simoni , Giulio Rossolini , Andrea Saracino

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across a variety of tasks, yet they are often affected by hallucinations and the timeliness of knowledge. Leveraging knowledge graphs (KGs) as external knowledge sources has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Siyuan Fang , Kaijing Ma , Tianyu Zheng , Xinrun Du , Ningxuan Lu , Ge Zhang , Qingkun Tang

Recent works integrating Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have shown promising improvements in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on closed-ended tasks, leaving a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yuan Sui , Yufei He , Zifeng Ding , Bryan Hooi

Knowledge graphs (KGs) are large datasets with specific structures representing large knowledge bases (KB) where each node represents a key entity and relations amongst them are typed edges. Natural language queries formed to extract…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Abir Chakraborty

Large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as BERT have recently achieved great success and become a milestone in natural language processing (NLP). It is now the consensus of the NLP community to adopt PLMs as the backbone for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Nan Hu , Yike Wu , Guilin Qi , Dehai Min , Jiaoyan Chen , Jeff Z. Pan , Zafar Ali

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) represent human-crafted factual knowledge in the form of triplets (head, relation, tail), which collectively form a graph. Question Answering over KGs (KGQA) is the task of answering natural questions grounding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Costas Mavromatis , George Karypis

Nowadays, the importance of software with natural-language user interfaces cannot be underestimated. In particular, in Question Answering (QA) systems, generating a SPARQL query for a given natural-language question (often named Query…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Aleksandr Gashkov , Aleksandr Perevalov , Maria Eltsova , Andreas Both