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The problem of natural language processing over structured data has become a growing research field, both within the relational database and the Semantic Web community, with significant efforts involved in question answering over knowledge…

The main task of the KGQA system (Knowledge Graph Question Answering) is to convert user input questions into query syntax (such as SPARQL). With the rise of modern popular encoders and decoders like Transformer and ConvS2S, many scholars…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yi-Hui Chen , Eric Jui-Lin Lu , Kwan-Ho Cheng

The ability to have the same experience for different user groups (i.e., accessibility) is one of the most important characteristics of Web-based systems. The same is true for Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) systems that provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Aleksandr Perevalov , Dennis Diefenbach , Ricardo Usbeck , Andreas Both

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) facilitates information access by leveraging structured data without requiring formal query language expertise from the user. Instead, users can express their information needs by simply asking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Trond Linjordet , Krisztian Balog

Multilingual Knowledge Graph Completion (mKGC) aim at solving queries like (h, r, ?) in different languages by reasoning a tail entity t thus improving multilingual knowledge graphs. Previous studies leverage multilingual pretrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Ran Song , Shizhu He , Shengxiang Gao , Li Cai , Kang Liu , Zhengtao Yu , Jun Zhao

In recent years, scholarly data has grown dramatically in terms of both scale and complexity. It becomes increasingly challenging to retrieve information from scholarly knowledge graphs that include large-scale heterogeneous relationships,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Ruijie Wang , Zhiruo Zhang , Luca Rossetto , Florian Ruosch , Abraham Bernstein

Knowledge Graphs (KG) act as a great tool for holding distilled information from large natural language text corpora. The problem of natural language querying over knowledge graphs is essential for the human consumption of this information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Aayushee Gupta , K. M. Annervaz , Ambedkar Dukkipati , Shubhashis Sengupta

Knowledge graphs offer an excellent solution for representing the lexical-semantic structures of lexicographic data. However, working with the SPARQL query language represents a considerable hurdle for many non-expert users who could…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Kilian Sennrich , Sina Ahmadi

Most existing Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) approaches are designed for a specific KG, such as Wikidata, DBpedia or Freebase. Due to the heterogeneity of the underlying graph schema, topology and assertions, most KGQA systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Longquan Jiang , Junbo Huang , Cedric Möller , Ricardo Usbeck

Question answering systems are the latest evolution in information retrieval technology, designed to accept complex queries in natural language and provide accurate answers using both unstructured and structured knowledge sources. Knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Arash Ghafouri , Mahdi Firouzmandi , Hasan Naderi

In this work, we present an end-to-end Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) system named GETT-QA. GETT-QA uses T5, a popular text-to-text pre-trained language model. The model takes a question in natural language as input and produces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Debayan Banerjee , Pranav Ajit Nair , Ricardo Usbeck , Chris Biemann

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer a promising approach to robust and explainable Question Answering (QA). While LLMs excel at natural language understanding, they suffer from knowledge gaps and hallucinations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jasper Linders , Jakub M. Tomczak

Multi-hop Question Answering over Knowledge Graph~(KGQA) aims to find the answer entities that are multiple hops away from the topic entities mentioned in a natural language question on a large-scale Knowledge Graph (KG). To cope with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Jinhao Jiang , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Spatio-temporal knowledge graphs (STKGs) enhance traditional KGs by integrating temporal and spatial annotations, enabling precise reasoning over questions with spatio-temporal dependencies. Despite their potential, research on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Xinbang Dai , Huiying Li , Nan Hu , Yongrui Chen , Rihui Jin , Huikang Hu , Guilin Qi

Conversational question answering (ConvQA) is a convenient means of searching over RDF knowledge graphs (KGs), where a prevalent approach is to translate natural language questions to SPARQL queries. However, SPARQL has certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Rishiraj Saha Roy , Chris Hinze , Joel Schlotthauer , Farzad Naderi , Viktor Hangya , Andreas Foltyn , Luzian Hahn , Fabian Kuech

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) tasks by planning and interacting with knowledge graphs. However, existing methods often confuse tool utilization with knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Mufan Xu , Gewen Liang , Kehai Chen , Wei Wang , Xun Zhou , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Min Zhang

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) is a promising approach for mitigating LLM hallucination by grounding reasoning in structured and verifiable knowledge graphs. Existing approaches fall into two paradigms: retrieval-based methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Bo Yuan , Hexuan Deng , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang

We propose a new approach for generating SPARQL queries on RDF knowledge graphs from natural language questions or keyword queries, using a large language model. Our approach does not require fine-tuning. Instead, it uses the language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Sebastian Walter , Hannah Bast

In recent years, research on transforming natural language into graph query language (NL2GQL) has been increasing. Most existing methods focus on single-turn transformation from NL to GQL. In practical applications, user interactions with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yuanyuan Liang , Lei Pan , Tingyu Xie , Yunshi Lan , Weining Qian

Answering natural language questions on knowledge graphs (KGQA) remains a great challenge in terms of understanding complex questions via multi-hop reasoning. Previous efforts usually exploit large-scale entity-related text corpora or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Zile Qiao , Wei Ye , Tong Zhang , Tong Mo , Weiping Li , Shikun Zhang