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Biomedical question-answering (QA) systems require effective retrieval and generation components to ensure accuracy, efficiency, and scalability. This study systematically examines a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Linus Stuhlmann , Michael Alexander Saxer , Jonathan Fürst

The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating accurate responses relies heavily on the quality of input provided, particularly when employing Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) techniques. RAG enhances LLMs by sourcing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Spurthi Setty , Harsh Thakkar , Alyssa Lee , Eden Chung , Natan Vidra

Medical question answering (QA) requires extensive access to domain-specific knowledge. A promising direction is to enhance large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge retrieved from medical corpora or parametric knowledge stored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Lei Li , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xian Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely used for various tasks and applications. However, LLMs and fine-tuning are limited to the pre-trained data. For example, ChatGPT's world knowledge until 2021 can be outdated or inaccurate. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Ahsan Bilal , Beiyu Lin

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique used to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with contextually relevant, time-critical, or domain-specific information without altering the underlying model parameters. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Laurent Mombaerts , Terry Ding , Adi Banerjee , Florian Felice , Jonathan Taws , Tarik Borogovac

Safe and trustworthy use of Large Language Models (LLM) in the processing of healthcare documents and scientific papers could substantially help clinicians, scientists and policymakers in overcoming information overload and focusing on the…

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various language tasks but suffer from hallucinations and temporal misalignment. To mitigate these shortcomings, Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhongzhen Huang , Kui Xue , Yongqi Fan , Linjie Mu , Ruoyu Liu , Tong Ruan , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in data synthesis but can be inaccurate in domain-specific tasks, which retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems address by leveraging user-provided data. However, RAGs require optimization in both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kazi Ahmed Asif Fuad , Lizhong Chen

Security applications are increasingly relying on large language models (LLMs) for cyber threat detection; however, their opaque reasoning often limits trust, particularly in decisions that require domain-specific cybersecurity knowledge.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Arnabh Borah , Md Tanvirul Alam , Nidhi Rastogi

Retrieval-augmented large language models (LLMs) have been remarkably competent in various NLP tasks. However, it was observed by previous works that retrieval is not always helpful, especially when the LLM is already knowledgeable on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Chengkai Huang , Yu Xia , Rui Wang , Kaige Xie , Tong Yu , Julian McAuley , Lina Yao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have shown promise in enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, these systems face challenges in effectively integrating external knowledge with the LLM's internal…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which integrates external knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs), has proven effective in enabling LLMs to produce more accurate and reliable responses. However, it remains a significant challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yan Weng , Fengbin Zhu , Tong Ye , Haoyan Liu , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled a wide range of applications through their powerful capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, as LLMs are trained on static corpora, they face difficulties in addressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yongjie Wang , Yue Yu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

This paper presents a detailed evaluation of a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system that integrates large language models (LLMs) to enhance information retrieval and instruction generation for maintenance personnel across diverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Akos Nagy , Yannis Spyridis , Vasileios Argyriou

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is emerging as a powerful technique to enhance the capabilities of Generative AI models by reducing hallucination. Thus, the increasing prominence of RAG alongside Large Language Models (LLMs) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ranul Dayarathne , Uvini Ranaweera , Upeksha Ganegoda

Medical question answering requires extensive access to specialized conceptual knowledge. The current paradigm, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), acquires expertise medical knowledge through large-scale corpus retrieval and uses this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Sichu Liang , Linhai Zhang , Hongyu Zhu , Wenwen Wang , Yulan He , Deyu Zhou

As connected and automated transportation systems evolve, there is a growing need for federal and state authorities to revise existing laws and develop new statutes to address emerging cybersecurity and data privacy challenges. This study…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of natural language understanding and generation. But they face challenges such as hallucination and outdated knowledge. Fine-tuning is one possible solution, but it is resource-intensive and must be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shadman Sobhan , Mohammad Ariful Haque

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a foundational paradigm for equipping large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge, playing a critical role in information retrieval and knowledge-intensive applications. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Weihang Su , Qingyao Ai , Jingtao Zhan , Qian Dong , Yiqun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across natural language processing tasks. However, their application to specialized domains such as medicine and biology requires further optimization to ensure factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Seonok Kim