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Large astronomical instruments using tens to hundreds of optical or infrared science detectors pose specific challenges for detector control, where, in addition to performance, other engineering aspects like scalability, power consumption,…

Collaborative trajectory prediction can comprehensively forecast the future motion of objects through multi-view complementary information. However, it encounters two main challenges in multi-drone collaboration settings. The expansive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Zhechao Wang , Peirui Cheng , Mingxin Chen , Pengju Tian , Zhirui Wang , Xinming Li , Xue Yang , Xian Sun

As drone use has become more widespread, there is a critical need to ensure safety and security. A key element of this is robust and accurate drone detection and localization. While cameras and other optical sensors like LiDAR are commonly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yuan Fang , Fangzhan Shi , Xijia Wei , Qingchao Chen , Kevin Chetty , Simon Julier

Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) provide a robust standard ruler with which to measure the acceleration of the Universe. The BAO feature has so far been detected in optical galaxy surveys. Intensity mapping of neutral hydrogen emission…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Hee-Jong Seo , Scott Dodelson , John Marriner , Dave Mcginnis , Albert Stebbins , Chris Stoughton , Alberto Vallinotto

Our current sampling of the near-Earth space environment is wholly insufficient to measure the highly variable processes therein and make predictions on par with lower atmospheric weather. We sketch out the scientific rationale for a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-12 Ryan Volz , Philip J. Erickson , Scott E. Palo , Jorge L. Chau , Juha Vierinen , Thomas Y. Chen

A host of new low-frequency radio telescopes seek to measure the 21-cm transition of neutral hydrogen from the early universe. These telescopes have the potential to directly probe star and galaxy formation at redshifts $20 \gtrsim z…

We have created a new autonomous laser-guide-star adaptive-optics (AO) instrument on the 60-inch (1.5-m) telescope at Palomar Observatory called Robo-AO. The instrument enables diffraction-limited resolution observing in the visible and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-03 C. Baranec , R. Riddle , A. N. Ramaprakash , N. Law , S. Tendulkar , S. Kulkarni , R. Dekany , K. Bui , J. Davis , M. Burse , H. Das , S. Hildebrandt , S. Punnadi , R. Smith

The separation of cosmological signal from astrophysical foregrounds is a fundamental challenge for any effort to probe the evolution of neutral hydrogen during the Cosmic Dawn and epoch of reionization (EoR) using the 21 cm hyperfine…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-31 Naomi Orosz , Joshua S. Dillon , Aaron Ewall-Wice , Aaron R. Parsons , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan

Recently, the concept of holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is emerging as one of the promising technologies beyond massive MIMO. Many challenges need to be addressed to bring this novel idea into practice, including…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Tengjiao Wang , Wei Han , Zhimeng Zhong , Jiyong Pang , Guohua Zhou , Shaobo Wang , Qiang Li

The JEM-EUSO program is focused on observations of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) from space. For this purpose, a series of detectors based on multi-anode photomultiplier tubes with a time resolution of the order of $\mu$s have been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-19 Zbigniew Plebaniak , Marika Przybylak

Today, the most widespread, widely applicable technology for gathering data relies on experienced scientists armed with handheld radio telemetry equipment to locate low-power radio transmitters attached to wildlife from the ground. Although…

An instrument has been developed for precision controlled exposures of electronic devices and material samples in particle beams. The instrument provides simultaneously a real time record of the profile of the beam and the fluence received.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-03 M. R. Hoeferkamp , J. S. T. Wickramasinghe , A. Grummer , I. Rajen , S. Seidel

The HI 21cm global signal from the Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) offers critical insights into the evolution of our Universe. Yet, its detection presents significant challenges due to its extremely low…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-09 Yue Wang , Xin Wang , Shijie Sun , Fengquan Wu , Shoudong Luo , Xuelei Chen

To achieve the sensitivity required to detect signals from neutral hydrogen from the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionisation it is critical to have a well-calibrated instrument which has a stable calibration over the course of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-04 Christian J. Kirkham , Dominic J. Anstey , Eloy de Lera Acedo

It is shown that 21 cm intensity mapping could be used in the near term to make cosmologically useful measurements. Large scale structure could be detected using existing radio telescopes, or using prototypes for dedicated redshift survey…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-13 Kiyoshi Wesley Masui , Patrick McDonald , Ue-Li Pen

Motivated by the theoretical interest in reconstructing long 3D trajectories of individual birds in large flocks, we developed CoMo, a co-moving camera system of two synchronized high speed cameras coupled with rotational stages, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Andrea Cavagna , Xiao Feng , Stefania Melillo , Leonardo Parisi , Lorena Postiglione , Pablo Villegas

Radio pulses are emitted during the development of air showers, where air showers are generated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays entering the Earth's atmosphere. These nanosecond short pulses are presently investigated by various…

The rapid proliferation of drones requires balancing innovation with regulation. To address security and privacy concerns, techniques for drone detection have attracted significant attention.Passive solutions, such as frame camera-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kuan Dai , Hongxin Zhang , Sheng Zhong , Yi Zhou

FRAM - F/(Ph)otometric Robotic Atmospheric Monitor is the latest addition to the atmospheric monitoring instruments of the Pierre Auger Observatory. An optical telescope equipped with CCD camera and photometer, it automatically observes a…

With significantly improved sensitivity, the Einstein Telescope (ET), along with other upcoming gravitational wave detectors, will mark the beginning of precision gravitational wave astronomy. However, the pursuit of surpassing current…

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