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Intelligent assistive technologies are increasingly recognized as critical daily-use enablers for people with disabilities and age-related functional decline. Longitudinal studies, curation of quality datasets, live monitoring in activities…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Maxim Yudayev , Juha Carlon , Diwas Lamsal , Vayalet Stefanova , Benjamin Filtjens

Embodied agents operating in smart homes must understand human behavior through diverse sensory inputs and communicate via natural language. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled impressive language-grounded perception, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Chuhao Zhou , Jianfei Yang

This paper explores the effectiveness of Multimodal Large Language models (MLLMs) as assistive technologies for visually impaired individuals. We conduct a user survey to identify adoption patterns and key challenges users face with such…

This study investigates the use of large language models (LLMs) for human behavior understanding by jointly leveraging motion and video data. We argue that integrating these complementary modalities is essential for capturing both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Rajan Das Gupta , Lei Wei , Md Yeasin Rahat , Nafiz Fahad , Abir Ahmed , Liew Tze Hui

In multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA), the performance of a model highly depends on the quality of synthesized embeddings. These embeddings are generated from the upstream process called multimodal fusion, which aims to extract and combine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Wei Han , Hui Chen , Soujanya Poria

We introduce a new challenge to test the STEM skills of neural models. The problems in the real world often require solutions, combining knowledge from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math). Unlike existing datasets, our dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jianhao Shen , Ye Yuan , Srbuhi Mirzoyan , Ming Zhang , Chenguang Wang

Humans build viewpoint-independent cognitive maps through navigation, enabling intuitive reasoning about object permanence and spatial relations. We argue that multimodal large language models (MLLMs), despite extensive video training, lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jacob Thompson , Emiliano Garcia-Lopez , Yonatan Bisk

Multilingual capability is an essential aspect for large multimodal models, since they are usually deployed across various countries and languages. However, most existing benchmarks for multilingual multimodal reasoning struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Hongyu Wang , Jiayu Xu , Senwei Xie , Ruiping Wang , Jialin Li , Zhaojie Xie , Bin Zhang , Chuyan Xiong , Xilin Chen

The Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) is currently experiencing rapid growth, driven by the advanced capabilities of LLMs. Unlike earlier specialists, existing MLLMs are evolving towards a Multimodal Generalist paradigm. Initially…

We present Hermes 4, a family of hybrid reasoning models that combine structured, multi-turn reasoning with broad instruction-following ability. We describe the challenges encountered during data curation, synthesis, training, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ryan Teknium , Roger Jin , Jai Suphavadeeprasit , Dakota Mahan , Jeffrey Quesnelle , Joe Li , Chen Guang , Shannon Sands , Karan Malhotra

Large Multimodal Model (LMM) is a hot research topic in the computer vision area and has also demonstrated remarkable potential across multiple disciplinary fields. A recent trend is to further extend and enhance the perception capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yang Jiao , Shaoxiang Chen , Zequn Jie , Jingjing Chen , Lin Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Multimodal fusion frameworks for Human Action Recognition (HAR) using depth and inertial sensor data have been proposed over the years. In most of the existing works, fusion is performed at a single level (feature level or decision level),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Zeeshan Ahmad , Naimul Khan

The rapid progress of Multimodal Large Language Models(MLLMs) has transformed the AI landscape. These models combine pre-trained LLMs with various modality encoders. This integration requires a systematic understanding of how different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jisu An , Junseok Lee , Jeoungeun Lee , Yongseok Son

By integrating the perception capabilities of multimodal encoders with the generative power of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, have achieved great success in various multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Wenbin An , Jiahao Nie , Yaqiang Wu , Feng Tian , Shijian Lu , Qinghua Zheng

Multimodal interfaces, combining the use of speech, graphics, gestures, and facial expressions in input and output, promise to provide new possibilities to deal with information in more effective and efficient ways, supporting for instance:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-09-24 Harry Bunt , Laurent Romary

IQ testing has served as a foundational methodology for evaluating human cognitive capabilities, deliberately decoupling assessment from linguistic background, language proficiency, or domain-specific knowledge to isolate core competencies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Huanqia Cai , Yijun Yang , Winston Hu

Evaluating generative foundation models on open-ended multimodal understanding (MMU) and generation (MMG) tasks across diverse modalities (e.g., images, audio, video) poses significant challenges due to the complexity of cross-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shu Pu , Yaochen Wang , Dongping Chen , Yuhang Chen , Guohao Wang , Qi Qin , Zhongyi Zhang , Zhiyuan Zhang , Zetong Zhou , Shuang Gong , Yi Gui , Yao Wan , Philip S. Yu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) enhance the capabilities of standard large language models by integrating and processing data from multiple modalities, including text, vision, audio, video, and 3D environments. Data plays a pivotal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Tianyi Bai , Hao Liang , Binwang Wan , Yanran Xu , Xi Li , Shiyu Li , Ling Yang , Bozhou Li , Yifan Wang , Bin Cui , Ping Huang , Jiulong Shan , Conghui He , Binhang Yuan , Wentao Zhang

Effective human-robot interaction requires emotionally rich multimodal expressions, yet most humanoid robots lack coordinated speech, facial expressions, and gestures. Meanwhile, real-world deployment demands on-device solutions that can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Songhua Yang , Xuetao Li , Xuanye Fei , Mengde Li , Miao Li

In human-centric scenes, the ability to simultaneously understand visual and auditory information is crucial. While recent omni models can process multiple modalities, they generally lack effectiveness in human-centric scenes due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jiaxing Zhao , Qize Yang , Yixing Peng , Detao Bai , Shimin Yao , Boyuan Sun , Xiang Chen , Shenghao Fu , Weixuan chen , Xihan Wei , Liefeng Bo