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The burgeoning interest in developing Large Language Models (LLMs) with up to trillion parameters has been met with concerns regarding resource efficiency and practical expense, particularly given the immense cost of experimentation. This…

Large Language Model (LLM) cascade systems are designed to balance efficiency and performance by processing queries with lightweight models while selectively escalating complex cases to more powerful ones. Such systems seek to reduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zehan Sun , Dingfan Chen , Songze Li

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with their exceptional understanding, synthesizing, and reasoning capabilities. However, deploying LLMs on resource-constrained edge devices presents significant…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yue Zheng , Yuhao Chen , Bin Qian , Xiufang Shi , Yuanchao Shu , Jiming Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered substantial attention due to their promising applications in diverse domains. Nevertheless, the increasing size of LLMs comes with a significant surge in the computational requirements for training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Zhehui Wang , Tao Luo , Cheng Liu , Weichen Liu , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Weng-Fai Wong

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have extended the success of large language models (LLMs) to multiple data types, such as image, text and audio, achieving significant performance in various domains, including multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Weiqi Feng , Yangrui Chen , Shaoyu Wang , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Minlan Yu

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the field of artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and moving towards multi-modal functionality.…

The increasing complexity and demand for faster, energy-efficient hardware designs necessitate innovative High-Level Synthesis (HLS) methodologies. This paper explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to streamline or replace…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yuchao Liao , Tosiron Adegbija , Roman Lysecky

As machine learning algorithms are shown to be an increasingly valuable tool, the demand for their access has grown accordingly. Oftentimes, it is infeasible to run inference with larger models without an accelerator, which may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Spencer Banasik

As Large Language Models become ubiquitous in many sectors and tasks, there is a need to reduce token usage, overcoming challenges such as short context windows, limited output sizes, and costs associated with token intake and generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Ramon Maria Garcia Alarcia , Alessandro Golkar

The Cerebras Wafer-Scale Engine (WSE) delivers performance at an unprecedented scale of over 900,000 compute units, all connected via a single-wafer on-chip interconnect. Initially designed for AI, the WSE architecture is also well-suited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Nicolai Stawinoga , David Katz , Anton Lydike , Justs Zarins , Nick Brown , George Bisbas , Tobias Grosser

The computational and memory challenges of large language models (LLMs) have sparked several optimization approaches towards their efficient implementation. While prior LLM-targeted quantization, and prior works on sparse acceleration have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Abhishek Moitra , Arkapravo Ghosh , Shrey Agarwal , Aporva Amarnath , Karthik Swaminathan , Priyadarshini Panda

In the realm of Large Language Model (LLM) inference, the inherent structure of transformer models coupled with the multi-GPU tensor parallelism strategy leads to a sequential execution of computation and communication. This results in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Bin Xiao , Lei Su

Recent studies have extensively explored NPU architectures for accelerating AI inference in on-device environments, which are inherently resource-constrained. Meanwhile, transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have become dominant,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jonghun Lee , Junghoon Lee , Hyeonjin Kim , Seoho Jeon , Jisup Yoon , Hyunbin Park , Meejeong Park , Heonjae Ha

The INTERSPEECH 2025 Challenge on Multilingual Conversational Speech Language Models (MLC-SLM) promotes multilingual conversational ASR with large language models (LLMs). Our previous SHNU-mASR system adopted a competitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuxiang Mei , Dongxing Xu , Jiaen Liang , Yanhua Long

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable capabilities in various software engineering tasks, spurring the rapid growth of the Large Language Models for Software Engineering (LLM4SE) area. However, limited attention has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Jieke Shi , Zhou Yang , David Lo

Efficient Reduce and AllReduce communication collectives are a critical cornerstone of high-performance computing (HPC) applications. We present the first systematic investigation of Reduce and AllReduce on the Cerebras Wafer-Scale Engine…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Piotr Luczynski , Lukas Gianinazzi , Patrick Iff , Leighton Wilson , Daniele De Sensi , Torsten Hoefler

WebAssembly (abbreviated Wasm) has emerged as a cornerstone of web development, offering a compact binary format that allows high-performance applications to run at near-native speeds in web browsers. Despite its advantages, Wasm's binary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xinyu She , Yanjie Zhao , Haoyu Wang

While long-context large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable document processing capabilities, their prohibitively high training costs often hinder customized applications. To mitigate this issue, we propose \textit{Sequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Wenhao Li , Yuxin Zhang , Gen Luo , Daohai Yu , Rongrong Ji

Recent work shows that, beyond discrete reasoning through explicit chain-of-thought steps, which are limited by the boundaries of natural languages, large language models (LLMs) can also reason continuously in latent space, allowing richer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Dachuan Shi , Abedelkadir Asi , Keying Li , Xiangchi Yuan , Leyan Pan , Wenke Lee , Wen Xiao

Large language models (LLMs), based on transformer architectures, have revolutionized numerous domains within artificial intelligence, science, and engineering due to their exceptional scalability and adaptability. However, the exponential…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Wenzhe Guo , Joyjit Kundu , Uras Tos , Weijiang Kong , Giuliano Sisto , Timon Evenblij , Manu Perumkunnil