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While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

The field of integrated circuit (IC) design is highly specialized, presenting significant barriers to entry and research and development challenges. Although large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various domains,…

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in hardware design has taken off in recent years, principally through its incorporation in tools that increase chip designer productivity. There has been considerable discussion about the use of LLMs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Nicolas Dupuis , Ravi Nair , Shyam Ramji , Sean McClintock , Nishant Chauhan , Priyanka Nagpal , Bart Blaner , Ken Valk , Leon Stok , Ruchir Puri

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human language, but efficient inference on resource-constrained embedded devices remains challenging due to large model sizes and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Weihong Xu , Haein Choi , Po-kai Hsu , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

As large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT exhibited unprecedented machine intelligence, it also shows great performance in assisting hardware engineers to realize higher-efficiency logic design via natural language interaction. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kaiyan Chang , Ying Wang , Haimeng Ren , Mengdi Wang , Shengwen Liang , Yinhe Han , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

This paper introduces a novel framework for designing efficient neural network architectures specifically tailored to tiny machine learning (TinyML) platforms. By leveraging large language models (LLMs) for neural architecture search (NAS),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Christophe El Zeinaty , Wassim Hamidouche , Glenn Herrou , Daniel Menard , Merouane Debbah

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for natural language processing tasks, revolutionizing the field with their ability to understand and generate human-like text. As the demand for more sophisticated LLMs continues…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Christoforos Kachris

Large language model (LLM) inference has been a prevalent demand in daily life and industries. The large tensor sizes and computing complexities in LLMs have brought challenges to memory, computing, and databus. This paper proposes a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yimin Wang , Yue Jiet Chong , Xuanyao Fong

Three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs) have emerged as a promising solution to the scaling limits of two-dimensional designs, offering higher integration density, shorter interconnects, and improved performance. As design complexity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hung-Ying Chu , Guan-Wei Chen , Shao-Yu Wei , Yu-Cheng Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various application domains, but their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. To…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in automating software development tasks, yet their capabilities with respect to software design tasks remains largely unclear. This study investigates the capabilities of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 L. P. Franciscatto Guerra , N. Ernst

Design studies aim to create visualization solutions for real-world problems of different application domains. Recently, the emergence of large language models (LLMs) has introduced new opportunities to enhance the design study process,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Shaolun Ruan , Rui Sheng , Xiaolin Wen , Jiachen Wang , Tianyi Zhang , Yong Wang , Tim Dwyer , Jiannan Li

Contemporary GPUs are designed to handle long-latency operations effectively; however, challenges such as core occupancy (number of warps in a core) and pipeline width can impede their latency management. This is particularly evident in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Diya Joseph , Juan Luis Aragón , Joan-Manuel Parcerisa , Antonio Gonzalez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen great advance in both academia and industry, and their popularity results in numerous open-source frameworks and techniques in accelerating LLM pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. Training and…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Longteng Zhang , Xiang Liu , Zeyu Li , Xinglin Pan , Peijie Dong , Ruibo Fan , Rui Guo , Xin Wang , Qiong Luo , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by understanding and generating human-like text. However, the increasing demand for more sophisticated LLMs presents significant computational challenges due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Ze Yang , Yihong Jin , Xinhe Xu

The dominance of large decoder-only language models has overshadowed encoder-decoder architectures, despite their fundamental efficiency advantages in sequence processing. For small language models (SLMs) - those with 1 billion parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Mohamed Elfeki , Rui Liu , Chad Voegele

The explosive growth of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-4 with 1.8 trillion parameters, demands a fundamental rethinking of data center architecture to ensure scalability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Our work provides a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jesmin Jahan Tithi , Hanjiang Wu , Avishaii Abuhatzera , Fabrizio Petrini

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices remains challenging due to their quadratically increasing computations with the sequence length. Existing studies for dynamic attention pruning are designed for hardware with massively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Jiawen Qi , Chang Gao , Zhaochun Ren , Qinyu Chen

Can we leverage LLMs to model the process of discovering novel language model (LM) architectures? Inspired by real research, we propose a multi-agent LLM approach that simulates the conventional stages of research, from ideation and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Junyan Cheng , Peter Clark , Kyle Richardson