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Gloss-free Sign Language Translation (SLT) has advanced rapidly, achieving strong performances without relying on gloss annotations. However, these gains have often come with increased model complexity and high computational demands,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 JianHe Low , Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan , Richard Bowden

Like spoken languages, a single sign language expression could correspond to multiple valid textual interpretations. Hence, learning a rigid one-to-one mapping for sign language translation (SLT) models might be inadequate, particularly in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Xin Shen , Lei Shen , Shaozu Yuan , Heming Du , Haiyang Sun , Xin Yu

Sign language translation (SLT) is challenging, as it involves converting sign language videos into natural language. Previous studies have prioritized accuracy over diversity. However, diversity is crucial for handling lexical and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 JiHwan Moon , Jihoon Park , Jungeun Kim , Jongseong Bae , Hyeongwoo Jeon , Ha Young Kim

Sign Language Translation has attained considerable success recently, raising hopes for improved communication with the Deaf. A pre-processing step called tokenization improves the success of translations. Tokens can be learned from sign…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Alptekin Orbay , Lale Akarun

Millions of individuals worldwide are affected by deafness and hearing impairment. Sign language serves as a sophisticated means of communication for the deaf and hard of hearing. However, in societies that prioritize spoken languages, sign…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Safaeid Hossain Arib , Rabeya Akter , Sejuti Rahman

Sign language to spoken language audio translation is important to connect the hearing- and speech-challenged humans with others. We consider sign language videos with isolated sign sequences rather than continuous grammatical signing. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Harsh Kavediya , Vighnesh Nayak , Bheeshm Sharma , Balamurugan Palaniappan

The absence of effective communication the deaf population represents the main social gap in this community. Furthermore, the sign language, main deaf communication tool, is unlettered, i.e., there is no formal written representation. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Fredy Alejandro Mendoza López , Jefferson Rodriguez , Fabio Martínez

This paper presents an innovative approach called BGTAI to simplify multimodal understanding by utilizing gloss-based annotation as an intermediate step in aligning Text and Audio with Images. While the dynamic temporal factors in textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Sen Fang , Sizhou Chen , Yalin Feng , Xiaofeng Zhang , Teik Toe Teoh

Despite existing pioneering works on sign language translation (SLT), there is a non-trivial obstacle, i.e., the limited quantity of parallel sign-text data. To tackle this parallel data bottleneck, we propose a sign back-translation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Hao Zhou , Wengang Zhou , Weizhen Qi , Junfu Pu , Houqiang Li

In this thesis, we propose a multitask learning based method to improve Neural Sign Language Translation (NSLT) consisting of two parts, a tokenization layer and Neural Machine Translation (NMT). The tokenization part focuses on how Sign…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Alptekin Orbay

Despite recent successes with neural models for sign language translation (SLT), translation quality still lags behind spoken languages because of the data scarcity and modality gap between sign video and text. To address both problems, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Biao Zhang , Mathias Müller , Rico Sennrich

Accurate detection of disfluencies in spoken language is crucial for enhancing the performance of automatic speech and language processing systems, as well as fostering the development of more inclusive speech and language technologies.…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Duygu Altinok

Sign language recognition and translation first uses a recognition module to generate glosses from sign language videos and then employs a translation module to translate glosses into spoken sentences. Most existing works focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Yong Cao , Wei Li , Xianzhi Li , Min Chen , Guangyong Chen , Long Hu , Zhengdao Li , Hwang Kai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in text understanding and embedding tasks. However, their potential in multimodal representation, particularly for item-to-item (I2I) recommendations, remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chao Zhang , Haoxin Zhang , Shiwei Wu , Di Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Hallucination, where models generate fluent text unsupported by visual evidence, remains a major flaw in vision-language models and is particularly critical in sign language translation (SLT). In SLT, meaning depends on precise grounding in…

Helping deaf and hard-of-hearing people communicate more easily is the main goal of Automatic Sign Language Translation. Although most past research has focused on turning sign language into text, doing the reverse, turning spoken English…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Kazi Mahathir Rahman , Naveed Imtiaz Nafis , Md. Farhan Sadik , Mohammad Al Rafi , Mehedi Hasan Shahed

We propose a stress-aware speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) system that preserves word-level emphasis by leveraging LLMs for cross-lingual emphasis conversion. Our method translates source-language stress into target-language tags that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xi Chen , Yuchen Song , Satoshi Nakamura

Previous Sign Language Translation (SLT) methods achieve superior performance by relying on gloss annotations. However, labeling high-quality glosses is a labor-intensive task, which limits the further development of SLT. Although some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zhigang Chen , Benjia Zhou , Jun Li , Jun Wan , Zhen Lei , Ning Jiang , Quan Lu , Guoqing Zhao

We present Large Sign Language Models (LSLM), a novel framework for translating 3D American Sign Language (ASL) by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as the backbone, which can benefit hearing-impaired individuals' virtual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sen Zhang , Xiaoxiao He , Di Liu , Zhaoyang Xia , Mingyu Zhao , Chaowei Tan , Vivian Li , Bo Liu , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Mubbasir Kapadia

Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a core task in the field of AI-assisted disability. Traditional SLT methods are typically based on visible light videos, which are easily affected by factors such as lighting variations, rapid hand…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shiao Wang , Xiao Wang , Duoqing Yang , Yao Rong , Fuling Wang , Jianing Li , Lin Zhu , Bo Jiang