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Our objective is to translate continuous sign language into spoken language text. Inspired by the way human interpreters rely on context for accurate translation, we incorporate additional contextual cues together with the signing video,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Youngjoon Jang , Haran Raajesh , Liliane Momeni , Gül Varol , Andrew Zisserman

Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a task that has not been studied relatively much compared to the study of Sign Language Recognition (SLR). However, the SLR is a study that recognizes the unique grammar of sign language, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Youngmin Kim , Minji Kwak , Dain Lee , Yeongeun Kim , Hyeongboo Baek

Our aim is to develop a unified model for sign language understanding, that performs sign language translation (SLT) and sign-subtitle alignment (SSA). Together, these two tasks enable the conversion of continuous signing videos into spoken…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Youngjoon Jang , Liliane Momeni , Zifan Jiang , Joon Son Chung , Gül Varol , Andrew Zisserman

End-to-end sign language translation (SLT) aims to convert sign language videos into spoken language texts directly without intermediate representations. It has been a challenging task due to the modality gap between sign videos and texts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jinhui Ye , Wenxiang Jiao , Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Hui Xiong

Sign language translation (SLT) addresses the problem of translating information from a sign language in video to a spoken language in text. Existing studies, while showing progress, are often limited to narrow domains and/or few sign…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Biao Zhang , Garrett Tanzer , Orhan Firat

In the realm of Sign Language Translation (SLT), reliance on costly gloss-annotated datasets has posed a significant barrier. Recent advancements in gloss-free SLT methods have shown promise, yet they often largely lag behind gloss-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Han Liang , Chengyu Huang , Yuecheng Xu , Cheng Tang , Weicai Ye , Juze Zhang , Xin Chen , Jingyi Yu , Lan Xu

Neural Sign Language Production (SLP) aims to automatically translate from spoken language sentences to sign language videos. Historically the SLP task has been broken into two steps; Firstly, translating from a spoken language sentence to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Harry Walsh , Ben Saunders , Richard Bowden

Sign language translation (SLT) aims to translate natural language from sign language videos, serving as a vital bridge for inclusive communication. While recent advances leverage powerful visual backbones and large language models, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Wenfang Wu , Tingting Yuan , Yupeng Li , Daling Wang , Xiaoming Fu

Sign language translation as a kind of technology with profound social significance has attracted growing researchers' interest in recent years. However, the existing sign language translation methods need to read all the videos before…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Aoxiong Yin , Zhou Zhao , Jinglin Liu , Weike Jin , Meng Zhang , Xingshan Zeng , Xiaofei He

Sign Language Translation (SLT) aims to convert sign language videos into spoken or written text. While early systems relied on gloss annotations as an intermediate supervision, such annotations are costly to obtain and often fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan , Richard Bowden

Automatic sign language processing is gaining popularity in Natural Language Processing (NLP) research (Yin et al., 2021). In machine translation (MT) in particular, sign language translation based on glosses is a prominent approach. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Mathias Müller , Zifan Jiang , Amit Moryossef , Annette Rios , Sarah Ebling

The advances in automatic sign language translation (SLT) to spoken languages have been mostly benchmarked with datasets of limited size and restricted domains. Our work advances the state of the art by providing the first baseline results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Laia Tarrés , Gerard I. Gállego , Amanda Duarte , Jordi Torres , Xavier Giró-i-Nieto

Current sign language translation (SLT) approaches often rely on gloss-based supervision with Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC), limiting their ability to handle non-monotonic alignments between sign language video and spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Sihan Tan , Taro Miyazaki , Nabeela Khan , Kazuhiro Nakadai

Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a challenging task that aims to generate spoken language sentences from sign language videos. In this paper, we introduce a lightweight, modular SLT framework, Spotter+GPT, that leverages the power of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan , Richard Bowden

Many SLT systems quietly assume that brief chunks of signing map directly to spoken-language words. That assumption breaks down because signers often create meaning on the fly using context, space, and movement. We revisit SLT and argue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yiyang Jiang , Li Zhang , Xiao-Yong Wei , Li Qing

Sign languages are visual languages which convey information by signers' handshape, facial expression, body movement, and so forth. Due to the inherent restriction of combinations of these visual ingredients, there exist a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Ronglai Zuo , Fangyun Wei , Brian Mak

Sign language recognition (SLR) plays a vital role in facilitating communication for the hearing-impaired community. SLR is a weakly supervised task where entire videos are annotated with glosses, making it challenging to identify the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hao Chen , Jiaze Wang , Ziyu Guo , Jinpeng Li , Donghao Zhou , Bian Wu , Chenyong Guan , Guangyong Chen , Pheng-Ann Heng

Label smoothing and vocabulary sharing are two widely used techniques in neural machine translation models. However, we argue that simply applying both techniques can be conflicting and even leads to sub-optimal performance. When allocating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Liang Chen , Runxin Xu , Baobao Chang

Gloss-free sign language translation (SLT) aims to develop well-performing SLT systems with no requirement for the costly gloss annotations, but currently still lags behind gloss-based approaches significantly. In this paper, we identify a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Jinhui Ye , Xing Wang , Wenxiang Jiao , Junwei Liang , Hui Xiong

This paper proposes a simple transfer learning baseline for sign language translation. Existing sign language datasets (e.g. PHOENIX-2014T, CSL-Daily) contain only about 10K-20K pairs of sign videos, gloss annotations and texts, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Yutong Chen , Fangyun Wei , Xiao Sun , Zhirong Wu , Stephen Lin