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Related papers: RuBLiMP: Russian Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal P…

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We introduce The Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal Pairs (shortened to BLiMP), a challenge set for evaluating what language models (LMs) know about major grammatical phenomena in English. BLiMP consists of 67 sub-datasets, each containing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Alex Warstadt , Alicia Parrish , Haokun Liu , Anhad Mohananey , Wei Peng , Sheng-Fu Wang , Samuel R. Bowman

We introduce TurBLiMP, the first Turkish benchmark of linguistic minimal pairs, designed to evaluate the linguistic abilities of monolingual and multilingual language models (LMs). Covering 16 linguistic phenomena with 1000 minimal pairs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Ezgi Başar , Francesca Padovani , Jaap Jumelet , Arianna Bisazza

We introduce MultiBLiMP 1.0, a massively multilingual benchmark of linguistic minimal pairs, covering 101 languages and 2 types of subject-verb agreement, containing more than 128,000 minimal pairs. Our minimal pairs are created using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jaap Jumelet , Leonie Weissweiler , Joakim Nivre , Arianna Bisazza

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across various languages; however, they often include significantly less data for low-resource languages such as Urdu compared to high-resource languages like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Farah Adeeba , Brian Dillon , Hassan Sajjad , Rajesh Bhatt

In this paper, we introduce the Quebec-French Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal Pairs (QFrBLiMP), a corpus designed to evaluate LLMs' linguistic knowledge of prominent grammatical phenomena in Quebec-French. QFrBLiMP comprises 1,761 minimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 David Beauchemin , Pier-Luc Veilleux , Johanna-Pascale Roy , Richard Khoury

Linguistically informed analyses of language models (LMs) contribute to the understanding and improvement of these models. Here, we introduce the corpus of Chinese linguistic minimal pairs (CLiMP), which can be used to investigate what…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Beilei Xiang , Changbing Yang , Yu Li , Alex Warstadt , Katharina Kann

We present Irish-BLiMP (Irish Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal Pairs), the first dataset and framework designed for fine-grained evaluation of linguistic competence in the Irish language, an endangered language. Drawing on a variety of…

We introduce a novel analysis that leverages linguistic minimal pairs to probe the internal linguistic representations of Large Language Models (LLMs). By measuring the similarity between LLM activation differences across minimal pairs, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Xinyu Zhou , Delong Chen , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Xufeng Duan , Zhenguang G. Cai

To understand what kinds of linguistic knowledge are encoded by pretrained Chinese language models (LMs), we introduce the benchmark of Sino LINGuistics (SLING), which consists of 38K minimal sentence pairs in Mandarin Chinese grouped into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Yixiao Song , Kalpesh Krishna , Rajesh Bhatt , Mohit Iyyer

We present ZhoBLiMP, the largest linguistic minimal pair benchmark for Chinese, with over 100 paradigms, ranging from topicalization to the \textit{Ba} construction. We then train from scratch a suite of Chinese language models (LMs) with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yikang Liu , Yeting Shen , Hongao Zhu , Lilong Xu , Zhiheng Qian , Siyuan Song , Kejia Zhang , Jialong Tang , Pei Zhang , Baosong Yang , Rui Wang , Hai Hu

Inspired by cognitive neuroscience studies, we introduce a novel `decoding probing' method that uses minimal pairs benchmark (BLiMP) to probe internal linguistic characteristics in neural language models layer by layer. By treating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Linyang He , Peili Chen , Ercong Nie , Yuanning Li , Jonathan R. Brennan

Warning: this work contains upsetting or disturbing content. Large language models (LLMs) tend to learn the social and cultural biases present in the raw pre-training data. To test if an LLM's behavior is fair, functional datasets are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Veronika Grigoreva , Anastasiia Ivanova , Ilseyar Alimova , Ekaterina Artemova

The paper describes the open Russian medical language understanding benchmark covering several task types (classification, question answering, natural language inference, named entity recognition) on a number of novel text sets. Given the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Pavel Blinov , Arina Reshetnikova , Aleksandr Nesterov , Galina Zubkova , Vladimir Kokh

Recent advancements in high-quality, large-scale English resources have pushed the frontier of English Automatic Text Simplification (ATS) research. However, less work has been done on multilingual text simplification due to the lack of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Michael J. Ryan , Tarek Naous , Wei Xu

We introduce XCOMPS in this work, a multilingual conceptual minimal pair dataset covering 17 languages. Using this dataset, we evaluate LLMs' multilingual conceptual understanding through metalinguistic prompting, direct probability…

Recent work has examined language models from a linguistic perspective to better understand how they acquire language. Most existing benchmarks focus on judging grammatical acceptability, whereas the ability to interpret meanings conveyed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Miyu Oba , Saku Sugawara

LLMs have demonstrated remarkable capability for understanding semantics, but they often struggle with understanding pragmatics. To demonstrate this fact, we release a Pragmatics Understanding Benchmark (PUB) dataset consisting of fourteen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Settaluri Lakshmi Sravanthi , Meet Doshi , Tankala Pavan Kalyan , Rudra Murthy , Pushpak Bhattacharyya , Raj Dabre

The paper gives an overview of the Russian Semantic Similarity Evaluation (RUSSE) shared task held in conjunction with the Dialogue 2015 conference. There exist a lot of comparative studies on semantic similarity, yet no analysis of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Alexander Panchenko , Natalia Loukachevitch , Dmitry Ustalov , Denis Paperno , Christian Meyer , Natalia Konstantinova

In this paper, we introduce an advanced Russian general language understanding evaluation benchmark -- RussianGLUE. Recent advances in the field of universal language models and transformers require the development of a methodology for…

Recent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) have fostered the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) that can solve an immense variety of tasks. One of the key aspects of their application is their ability to work with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Igor Churin , Murat Apishev , Maria Tikhonova , Denis Shevelev , Aydar Bulatov , Yuri Kuratov , Sergej Averkiev , Alena Fenogenova
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