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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) plays a vital role in geoscience to explore the subsurface. It utilizes the seismic wave to image the subsurface velocity map. As the machine learning (ML) technique evolves, the data-driven approaches using ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Junhuan Yang , Hanchen Wang , Yi Sheng , Youzuo Lin , Lei Yang

Seismic full-waveform inversion (FWI), which uses iterative methods to estimate high-resolution subsurface models from seismograms, is a powerful imaging technique in exploration geophysics. In recent years, the computational cost of FWI…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-11-28 Shihang Feng , Youzuo Lin , Brendt Wohlberg

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution seismic imaging method that estimates subsurface velocity by matching simulated and recorded waveforms. However, FWI is highly nonlinear, prone to cycle skipping, and sensitive to noise,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xinquan Huang , Paris Perdikaris

This review explores the integration of deep learning (DL) with full-waveform inversion (FWI) for enhanced seismic imaging and subsurface characterization. It covers FWI and DL fundamentals, geophysical applications (velocity estimation,…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Christopher Zerafa , Pauline Galea , Cristiana Sebu

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is widely used in geophysics to reconstruct high-resolution velocity maps from seismic data. The recent success of data-driven FWI methods results in a rapidly increasing demand for open datasets to serve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Chengyuan Deng , Shihang Feng , Hanchen Wang , Xitong Zhang , Peng Jin , Yinan Feng , Qili Zeng , Yinpeng Chen , Youzuo Lin

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a highly nonlinear and ill-posed problem that aims to recover subsurface velocity maps from surface-recorded seismic waveforms data. Existing data-driven FWI typically uses small models, as available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yinan Feng , Peng Jin , Yuzhe Guo , Yinpeng Chen , Youzuo Lin

Extracting subsurface velocity information from seismic data is mainly an undetermined problem that requires injecting a priori information to constrain the inversion process. Machine learning has offered a platform to do so through the…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-10-03 Xiao Ma , Shaowen Wang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear iterative seismic imaging technique that, by reducing the misfit between recorded and predicted seismic waveforms, can produce detailed estimates of subsurface geophysical properties.…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-11-22 Vahid Negahdari , Seyed Reza Moghadasi , Mohammad Reza Razvan

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is capable of reconstructing subsurface properties with high resolution from seismic data. However, conventional FWI faces challenges such as cycle-skipping and high computational costs. Recently, deep learning…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-10-30 Hao Zhang , Yuanyuan Li , Jianping Huang

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a widely used technique in seismic processing to produce high resolution Earth models that fully explain the recorded seismic data. FWI is a local optimisation problem which aims to minimise in a…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-11-22 Christopher Zerafa , Pauline Galea , Cristiana Sebu

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is an important geophysical technique considered in subsurface property prediction. It solves the inverse problem of predicting high-resolution Earth interior models from seismic data. Traditional FWI methods…

Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that produces high-resolution subsurface models by iteratively minimizing the misfit between the simulated and observed seismograms. Unfortunately,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-24 Fangshu Yang , Jianwei Ma

Seismic waves bring information from the physical properties of the earth to the surface. Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a local optimization technique which tries to invert the recorded wave fields to the physical properties. An…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 Nasser Kazemi

Seismic full-waveform inversion (FWI) uses full seismic records to estimate subsurface velocity structure. This requires a highly nonlinear and nonunique inverse problem to be solved, and Bayesian methods have been used to quantify…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-04-13 Xin Zhang , Andrew Curtis

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is an advanced seismic inversion technique for quantitatively estimating subsurface properties. However, with FWI, it is hard to converge to a geologically-realistic subsurface model. Thus, we propose a…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 Yuanyuan Li , Hao Zhang , Zhuoqi Yan , Tariq Alkhalifah

We propose and test a method to reduce the dimensionality of Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) inputs as computational cost mitigation approach. Given modern seismic acquisition systems, the data (as input for FWI) required for an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Maayan Gelboim , Amir Adler , Mauricio Araya-Polo

Marine seismic exploration is a core technology supporting marine resource exploration, seabed detection, carbon sequestration monitoring, and offshore engineering safety. The integration of full-waveform inversion (FWI), elastic inversion,…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-05-05 Guoxin Chen

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution seismic inversion technique popularly used in oil and gas exploration. Traditional FWI employs the $l_2$ norm measurement to minimize the misfit between observed and predicted seismic data.…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-03 Liangsheng He , Chao Song , Cai Liu

Full waveform inversion (FWI) aims to reconstruct subsurface velocity models from observed seismic wavefields and has recently benefited from advances in deep learning (DL). The performance of DL-based FWI critically depends on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zekai Guo , Lihui Chai , Ye Li

Seismic velocity is one of the most important parameters used in seismic exploration. Accurate velocity models are key prerequisites for reverse-time migration and other high-resolution seismic imaging techniques. Such velocity information…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-02-19 Fangshu Yang , Jianwei Ma
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