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Recent advances in clinical AI have enabled remarkable progress across many clinical domains. However, existing benchmarks and models are primarily limited to a small set of modalities and tasks, which hinders the development of large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Wei Dai , Peilin Chen , Malinda Lu , Daniel Li , Haowen Wei , Hejie Cui , Paul Pu Liang

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) contain rich yet complex information, and their automated analysis is critical for clinical decision-making. Despite recent advances of large language models (LLMs) in clinical workflows, their ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yusheng Liao , Chaoyi Wu , Junwei Liu , Shuyang Jiang , Pengcheng Qiu , Haowen Wang , Yun Yue , Shuai Zhen , Jian Wang , Qianrui Fan , Jinjie Gu , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang , Weidi Xie

Systematic reviews are essential for evidence-based medicine, but reviewing 1.5 million+ annual publications manually is infeasible. Current AI approaches suffer from hallucinations in systematic review tasks, with studies reporting rates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Duc Ngo , Arya Rahgoza

This study demonstrates the application of instruction finetuning of pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the generation of AI research leaderboards, extracting (Task, Dataset, Metric, Score) quadruples from articles. It aims…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Salomon Kabongo , Jennifer D'Souza

The rapidly evolving field of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has made significant strides in automating repetitive processes, yet its effectiveness diminishes in scenarios requiring spontaneous or unpredictable tasks demanded by users.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Zhen Zeng , William Watson , Nicole Cho , Saba Rahimi , Shayleen Reynolds , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

Deep neural networks have become prevalent in human analysis, boosting the performance of applications, such as biometric recognition, action recognition, as well as person re-identification. However, the performance of such networks scales…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Indu Joshi , Marcel Grimmer , Christian Rathgeb , Christoph Busch , Francois Bremond , Antitza Dantcheva

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in every stage of drug development. Continuing breakthroughs in AI-based methods for drug discovery require the creation, improvement, and refinement of drug discovery data. We posit a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Bing Hu , Ashish Saragadam , Anita Layton , Helen Chen

CTBench is introduced as a benchmark to assess language models (LMs) in aiding clinical study design. Given study-specific metadata, CTBench evaluates AI models' ability to determine the baseline features of a clinical trial (CT), which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Nafis Neehal , Bowen Wang , Shayom Debopadhaya , Soham Dan , Keerthiram Murugesan , Vibha Anand , Kristin P. Bennett

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating text that closely resembles human writing across wide range of styles and genres. However, such capabilities are prone to potential abuse, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Harika Abburi , Kalyani Roy , Michael Suesserman , Nirmala Pudota , Balaji Veeramani , Edward Bowen , Sanmitra Bhattacharya

Electronic health records (EHRs) are long, noisy, and often redundant, posing a major challenge for the clinicians who must navigate them. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising solution for extracting and reasoning over this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Skatje Myers , Dmitriy Dligach , Timothy A. Miller , Samantha Barr , Yanjun Gao , Matthew Churpek , Anoop Mayampurath , Majid Afshar

Automatic detection of depression is a rapidly growing field of research at the intersection of psychology and machine learning. However, with its exponential interest comes a growing concern for data privacy and scarcity due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Andrea Kang , Jun Yu Chen , Zoe Lee-Youngzie , Shuhao Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a flexible means to generate synthetic tabular data, yet existing approaches often fail to preserve key causal parameters such as the average treatment effect (ATE). In this technical exploration, we first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Dana Kim , Yichen Xu , Tiffany Lin

We study the task of automatically finding evidence relevant to hypotheses in biomedical papers. Finding relevant evidence is an important step when researchers investigate scientific hypotheses. We introduce EvidenceBench to measure models…

Clinical trial eligibility matching is a critical yet often labor-intensive and error-prone step in medical research, as it ensures that participants meet precise criteria for safe and reliable study outcomes. Recent advances in Natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Muhammad Talha Sharif , Abdul Rehman

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming scientific hypothesis generation and validation by enabling information synthesis, latent relationship discovery, and reasoning augmentation. This survey provides a structured overview of…

Generative search engines and deep research LLM agents promise trustworthy, source-grounded synthesis, yet users regularly encounter overconfidence, weak sourcing, and confusing citation practices. We introduce DeepTRACE, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Philippe Laban , Yilun Zhou , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Yixin Mao , Chien-Sheng Wu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making a major impact on healthcare, particularly through its application in natural language processing (NLP) and predictive analytics. The healthcare sector has increasingly adopted AI for tasks such as…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Karan Hanswadkar , Anika Kanchi , Shivani Tripathi , Shi Qiao , Rony Chatterjee , Alekh Jindal

Artificial intelligence (AI) has acquired notorious relevance in modern computing as it effectively solves complex tasks traditionally done by humans. AI provides methods to represent and infer knowledge, efficiently manipulate texts and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-23 José de la Torre-López , Aurora Ramírez , José Raúl Romero

Organizations increasingly adopt AI technologies to accelerate their performance and capacity to adapt to market dynamics. This study examines how organizations implement AI in experimental methodologies such as growth hacking, lean…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Parisa Omidmand , Saeid Ataei

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly demonstrating the potential to reach human-level performance in generating clinical summaries from patient-clinician conversations. However, these summaries often focus on patients' biology…