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Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) involves adapting a pre-trained source model to continually changing unsupervised target domains. In this paper, we systematically analyze the challenges of this task: online environment, unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Zhilin Zhu , Xiaopeng Hong , Zhiheng Ma , Weijun Zhuang , Yaohui Ma , Yong Dai , Yaowei Wang

Deep learning models have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of computer vision tasks. However, their performance often degrades significantly when faced with distribution shifts, such as domain or dataset changes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Samuel Barbeau , Pedram Fekri , David Osowiechi , Ali Bahri , Moslem Yazdanpanah , Masih Aminbeidokhti , Christian Desrosiers

This paper describes the Bayesian Technique for Multi-image Analysis (BaTMAn), a novel image-segmentation technique based on Bayesian statistics that characterizes any astronomical dataset containing spatial information and performs a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 J. Casado , Y. Ascasibar , R. García-Benito , G. Guidi , O. S. Choudhury , E. Bellocchi , S. F. Sánchez , A. I. Díaz

In this work, we propose a novel framework for density forecast combination by constructing time-varying weights based on time series features, which is called Feature-based Bayesian Forecasting Model Averaging (FEBAMA). Our framework…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-06-15 Li Li , Yanfei Kang , Feng Li

Applying a machine learning model for decision-making in the real world requires to distinguish what the model knows from what it does not. A critical factor in assessing the knowledge of a model is to quantify its predictive uncertainty.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Kajetan Schweighofer , Lukas Aichberger , Mykyta Ielanskyi , Sepp Hochreiter

Test-time adaptation (TTA) enhances the zero-shot robustness under distribution shifts by leveraging unlabeled test data during inference. Despite notable advances, several challenges still limit its broader applicability. First, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Youjia Zhang , Youngeun Kim , Young-Geun Choi , Hongyeob Kim , Huiling Liu , Sungeun Hong

Since distribution shifts are likely to occur during test-time and can drastically decrease the model's performance, online test-time adaptation (TTA) continues to update the model after deployment, leveraging the current test data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Robert A. Marsden , Mario Döbler , Bin Yang

Ensemble methods improve predictive performance but often incur high memory and computational costs. We identify an aggregation instability induced by nonlinear projection and voting operations. To address both efficiency challenges and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zheng Li , Jerry Cheng , Huanying Helen Gu

Data augmentation is a powerful technique to enhance the performance of a deep learning task but has received less attention in 3D deep learning. It is well known that when 3D shapes are sparsely represented with low point density, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Tuan-Anh Vu , Srinjay Sarkar , Zhiyuan Zhang , Binh-Son Hua , Sai-Kit Yeung

Pretrained VLMs exhibit strong zero-shot classification capabilities, but their predictions degrade significantly under common image corruptions. To improve robustness, many test-time adaptation (TTA) methods adopt positive data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ruxi Deng , Wenxuan Bao , Tianxin Wei , Jingrui He

Machine learning methods strive to acquire a robust model during the training process that can effectively generalize to test samples, even in the presence of distribution shifts. However, these methods often suffer from performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Jian Liang , Ran He , Tieniu Tan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have become prominent in open-world image recognition for their strong generalization abilities. Yet, their effectiveness in practical applications is compromised by domain shifts and distributional changes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Qiyuan Dai , Sibei Yang

While the design of blind image quality assessment (IQA) algorithms has improved significantly, the distribution shift between the training and testing scenarios often leads to a poor performance of these methods at inference time. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Subhadeep Roy , Shankhanil Mitra , Soma Biswas , Rajiv Soundararajan

To ensure agreement between theoretical calculations and experimental data, parameters to selected nuclear physics models, are perturbed, and fine-tuned in nuclear data evaluations. This approach assumes that the chosen set of models…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-02-23 E. Alhassan , D. Rochman , G. Schnabel , A. J. Koning

The performance of deep learning models depends heavily on test samples at runtime, and shifts from the training data distribution can significantly reduce accuracy. Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting models during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Michal Danilowski , Soumyajit Chatterjee , Abhirup Ghosh

Online Test-Time Adaptation (OTTA) enhances model robustness by updating pre-trained models with unlabeled data during testing. In healthcare, OTTA is vital for real-time tasks like predicting blood pressure from biosignals, which demand…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Yong-Yeon Jo , Byeong Tak Lee , Beom Joon Kim , Jeong-Ho Hong , Hak Seung Lee , Joon-myoung Kwon

We present Point-TTA, a novel test-time adaptation framework for point cloud registration (PCR) that improves the generalization and the performance of registration models. While learning-based approaches have achieved impressive progress,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ahmed Hatem , Yiming Qian , Yang Wang

Data augmentation has become a promising method of mitigating data sparsity in sequential recommendation. Existing methods generate new yet effective data during model training to improve performance. However, deploying them requires…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Yizhou Dang , Yuting Liu , Enneng Yang , Minhan Huang , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

Limited DXA access hinders osteoporosis screening. This proof-of-concept study proposes using widely available knee X-rays for opportunistic Bone Mineral Density (BMD) estimation via deep learning, emphasizing robust uncertainty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Long Hui , Wai Lok Yeung

Modern epidemiological analytics increasingly use machine learning models that offer strong prediction but often lack calibrated uncertainty. Bayesian methods provide principled uncertainty quantification, yet are viewed as difficult to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-18 Debashis Chatterjee