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Toxic conversations during software development interactions may have serious repercussions on a Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) development project. For example, victims of toxic conversations may become afraid to express themselves,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Jaydeb Sarker , Asif Kamal Turzo , Ming Dong , Amiangshu Bosu

Flood of information is produced in a daily basis through the global Internet usage arising from the on-line interactive communications among users. While this situation contributes significantly to the quality of human life, unfortunately…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Spiros V. Georgakopoulos , Sotiris K. Tasoulis , Aristidis G. Vrahatis , Vassilis P. Plagianakos

Perception of toxicity evolves over time and often differs between geographies and cultural backgrounds. Similarly, black-box commercially available APIs for detecting toxicity, such as the Perspective API, are not static, but frequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Luiza Pozzobon , Beyza Ermis , Patrick Lewis , Sara Hooker

The censorship of toxic comments is often left to the judgment of imperfect models. Perspective API, a creation of Google technology incubator Jigsaw, is perhaps the most widely used toxicity classifier in industry; the model is employed by…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Elizabeth Reichert , Helen Qiu , Jasmine Bayrooti

Toxicity is a prevalent social behavior that involves the use of hate speech, offensive language, bullying, and abusive speech. While text-based approaches for toxicity detection are common, there is limited research on processing speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Ahlam Husni Abu Nada , Siddique Latif , Junaid Qadir

We introduce an open-domain topic classification system that accepts user-defined taxonomy in real time. Users will be able to classify a text snippet with respect to any candidate labels they want, and get instant response from our web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Hantian Ding , Jinrui Yang , Yuqian Deng , Hongming Zhang , Dan Roth

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across a range of natural language processing tasks, but their potential to generate harmful content has raised serious safety concerns. Current toxicity detectors primarily rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Zhiqiang Kou , Junyang Chen , Xin-Qiang Cai , Ming-Kun Xie , Biao Liu , Changwei Wang , Lei Feng , Yuheng Jia , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Xin Geng

Machine Learning (ML) is increasingly applied in real-life scenarios, raising concerns about bias in automatic decision making. We focus on bias as a notion of opinion exclusion, that stems from the direct application of traditional ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Agathe Balayn , Alessandro Bozzon

Detecting toxic content using language models is crucial yet challenging. While substantial progress has been made in English, toxicity detection in French remains underdeveloped, primarily due to the lack of culturally relevant,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Axel Delaval , Shujian Yang , Haicheng Wang , Han Qiu , Jialiang Lu

Automatic toxic language detection is critical for creating safe, inclusive online spaces. However, it is a highly subjective task, with perceptions of toxic language shaped by community norms and lived experience. Existing toxicity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Ashima Suvarna , Christina Chance , Karolina Naranjo , Hamid Palangi , Sophie Hao , Thomas Hartvigsen , Saadia Gabriel

Online media aim for reaching ever bigger audience and for attracting ever longer attention span. This competition creates an environment that rewards sensational, fake, and toxic news. To help limit their spread and impact, we propose and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Yoan Dinkov , Ivan Koychev , Preslav Nakov

Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models have enabled the generation of diverse and high-quality images. While impressive, the images often fall short of depicting subtle details and are susceptible to errors due to ambiguity in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Idan Schwartz , Vésteinn Snæbjarnarson , Hila Chefer , Ryan Cotterell , Serge Belongie , Lior Wolf , Sagie Benaim

Large language models (LLMs) have become integral to various real-world applications, leveraging massive, web-sourced datasets like Common Crawl, C4, and FineWeb for pretraining. While these datasets provide linguistic data essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Sai Krishna Mendu , Harish Yenala , Aditi Gulati , Shanu Kumar , Parag Agrawal

Machine learning models have dual-use potential, potentially serving both beneficial and malicious purposes. The development of open-source models in chemistry has specifically surfaced dual-use concerns around toxicological data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Quintina L. Campbell , Jonathan Herington , Andrew D. White

Text detoxification is a conditional text generation task aiming to remove offensive content from toxic text. It is highly useful for online forums and social media, where offensive content is frequently encountered. Intuitively, there are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Griffin Floto , Mohammad Mahdi Abdollah Pour , Parsa Farinneya , Zhenwei Tang , Ali Pesaranghader , Manasa Bharadwaj , Scott Sanner

Online platforms have become an increasingly prominent means of communication. Despite the obvious benefits to the expanded distribution of content, the last decade has resulted in disturbing toxic communication, such as cyberbullying and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Amit Sheth , Valerie L. Shalin , Ugur Kursuncu

Biased associations have been a challenge in the development of classifiers for detecting toxic language, hindering both fairness and accuracy. As potential solutions, we investigate recently introduced debiasing methods for text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Xuhui Zhou , Maarten Sap , Swabha Swayamdipta , Noah A. Smith , Yejin Choi

The rapid growth of social media platforms has raised significant concerns regarding online content toxicity. When Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for toxicity detection, two key challenges emerge: 1) the absence of domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yibo Zhao , Jiapeng Zhu , Can Xu , Yao Liu , Xiang Li

This paper describes our participation in the DEtection of TOXicity in comments In Spanish (DETOXIS) shared task 2021 at the 3rd Workshop on Iberian Languages Evaluation Forum. The shared task is divided into two related classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Angel Felipe Magnossão de Paula , Ipek Baris Schlicht

Moderation is crucial to promoting healthy on-line discussions. Although several `toxicity' detection datasets and models have been published, most of them ignore the context of the posts, implicitly assuming that comments maybe judged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-02 John Pavlopoulos , Jeffrey Sorensen , Lucas Dixon , Nithum Thain , Ion Androutsopoulos