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Metaverse platforms are rapidly evolving to provide immersive spaces for user interaction and content creation. However, the generation of dynamic and interactive 3D objects remains challenging due to the need for advanced 3D modeling and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ryutaro Kurai , Takefumi Hiraki , Yuichi Hiroi , Yutaro Hirao , Monica Perusquía-Hernández , Hideaki Uchiyama , Kiyoshi Kiyokawa

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in Metaverse environments to generate dynamic and realistic content and to control the behavior of non-player characters (NPCs). However, the cybersecurity concerns associated with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Hongyin Zhu

In this paper, we investigate the use of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for generating virtual activities, leveraging the integration of vision-language modalities to enable the interpretation of virtual environments. Our approach…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Changyang Li , Qingan Yan , Minyoung Kim , Zhan Li , Yi Xu , Lap-Fai Yu

Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a powerful tool for workforce training, offering immersive, interactive, and risk-free environments that enhance skill acquisition, decision-making, and confidence. Despite its advantages, developing VR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Subin Raj Peter

As more applications of large language models (LLMs) for 3D content for immersive environments emerge, it is crucial to study user behaviour to identify interaction patterns and potential barriers to guide the future design of immersive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Junlong Chen , Jens Grubert , Per Ola Kristensson

We present Large Language Model for Mixed Reality (LLMR), a framework for the real-time creation and modification of interactive Mixed Reality experiences using LLMs. LLMR leverages novel strategies to tackle difficult cases where ideal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Fernanda De La Torre , Cathy Mengying Fang , Han Huang , Andrzej Banburski-Fahey , Judith Amores Fernandez , Jaron Lanier

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained using massive text datasets have recently shown promise in generating action plans for robotic agents from high level text queries. However, these models typically do not consider the robot's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Maitrey Gramopadhye , Daniel Szafir

The advent of immersive Virtual Reality applications has transformed various domains, yet their integration with advanced artificial intelligence technologies like Visual Language Models remains underexplored. This study introduces a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mikhail Konenkov , Artem Lykov , Daria Trinitatova , Dzmitry Tsetserukou

Constructing photorealistic virtual worlds has applications across various fields, but it often requires the extensive labor of highly trained professionals to operate conventional 3D modeling software. To democratize this process, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Xinhang Liu , Chi-Keung Tang , Yu-Wing Tai

We present Programmable-Room, a framework which interactively generates and edits a 3D room mesh, given natural language instructions. For precise control of a room's each attribute, we decompose the challenging task into simpler steps such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jihyun Kim , Junho Park , Kyeongbo Kong , Suk-Ju Kang

Well-designed indoor scenes should prioritize how people can act within a space rather than merely what objects to place. However, existing 3D scene generation methods emphasize visual and semantic plausibility, while insufficiently…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Semin Jin , Donghyuk Kim , Jeongmin Ryu , Kyung Hoon Hyun

Video generation has achieved remarkable progress in visual fidelity and controllability, enabling conditioning on text, layout, or motion. Among these, motion control - specifying object dynamics and camera trajectories - is essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Muhammed Burak Kizil , Enes Sanli , Niloy J. Mitra , Erkut Erdem , Aykut Erdem , Duygu Ceylan

In our daily lives, we can naturally convey instructions for the spatial manipulation of objects using words and gestures. Transposing this form of interaction into virtual reality (VR) object manipulation can be beneficial. We propose VR…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Xiangzhi Eric Wang , Zackary P. T. Sin , Ye Jia , Daniel Archer , Wynonna H. Y. Fong , Qing Li , Chen Li

Simulating high quality user behavior data has always been a fundamental problem in human-centered applications, where the major difficulty originates from the intricate mechanism of human decision process. Recently, substantial evidences…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Lei Wang , Jingsen Zhang , Hao Yang , Zhiyuan Chen , Jiakai Tang , Zeyu Zhang , Xu Chen , Yankai Lin , Ruihua Song , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jun Xu , Zhicheng Dou , Jun Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has illuminated the potential for a general-purpose user simulator. However, existing benchmarks remain constrained to isolated scenarios, narrow action spaces, or synthetic data, failing to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jiawei Chen , Ruoxi Xu , Boxi Cao , Ruotong Pan , Yunfei Zhang , Yifei Hu , Yong Du , Tingting Gao , Yaojie Lu , Yingfei Sun , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Xiangyu Wu , Hongyu Lin

Recently, the Metaverse is becoming increasingly attractive, with millions of users accessing the many available virtual worlds. However, how do users find the one Metaverse which best fits their current interests? So far, the search…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Ali Abdari , Alex Falcon , Giuseppe Serra

Large language models have emerged as a promising approach towards achieving general-purpose AI agents. The thriving open-source LLM community has greatly accelerated the development of agents that support human-machine dialogue interaction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhenfei Yin , Jiong Wang , Jianjian Cao , Zhelun Shi , Dingning Liu , Mukai Li , Lu Sheng , Lei Bai , Xiaoshui Huang , Zhiyong Wang , Jing Shao , Wanli Ouyang

This paper presents a system for procedurally generating agent-based narratives using large language models (LLMs). Users could drag and drop multiple agents and objects into a scene, with each entity automatically assigned semantic…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Vinayak Regmi , Christos Mousas

Object-oriented languages often use virtual machines (VMs) that provide mechanisms such as just-in-time (JIT) compilation and garbage collection (GC). These VM components are typically implemented in a separate layer, isolating them from…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Javier E. Pimás , Stefan Marr , Diego Garbervetsky

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained and aligned to follow natural language instructions with only a handful of examples, and they are prompted as task-driven autonomous agents to adapt to various sources of execution environments.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yang Su
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