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A foundational model has been developed based on trends built from empirical data of space exploration and computing power through the first six plus decades of the Space Age which projects earliest possible launch dates for human-crewed…

Popular Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Jonathan H. Jiang , Philip E. Rosen , Kristen A. Fahy

This paper shows that a well designed transport system has an embedded exchange value by serving as a market for potential exchange between consumers. Under suitable conditions, one can improve the welfare of consumers in the system simply…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-03-04 Qinglan Xia , Shaofeng Xu

The experiment of exo-ecosystem and the exploration of extraterrestrial habitability aims to explore the adaptation of terrestrial life in space conditions for the manned space program and the future interstellar migration, which shows…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-31 Zhu Liu , Duo Cui , Siyao Yang

The sharing economy has disrupted housing and transportation sectors. Homeowners can rent out their property when they are away on vacation, car owners can offer ride sharing services. These sharing economy business models are based on…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-09-07 Dileep Kalathil , Chenye Wu , Kameshwar Poolla , Pravin Varaiya

The accelerated development in Grid and peer-to-peer computing has positioned them as promising next generation computing platforms. They enable the creation of Virtual Enterprises (VE) for sharing resources distributed across the world.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Rajkumar Buyya , Heinz Stockinger , Jonathan Giddy , David Abrams

The concept of progress has characterized human society from millennia. However, this concept is elusive and too often given for certain. The goal of this paper is to suggest a general definition of human progress that satisfies, whenever…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-04-26 Mario Coccia , Matteo Bellitto

The martian atmosphere hosts dynamical phenomena ranging from planet-encircling dust storms to mesoscale orographic clouds and nocturnal low-level jets. General circulation model show capability to simulate these phenomena, but is…

Exploration of terrestrial planets such as Mars are conducted using orbiters, landers and rovers. Cameras and instruments onboard orbiters have enabled global mapping of Mars at low spatial resolution. Landers and rovers such as the Mars…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-10 Adrien Bouskela , Alexandre Kling , Aman Chandra , Tristan Schuler , Sergey Shkarayev , Jekan Thangavelautham

City road infrastructure is a public good, and over-consumption by self-interested, rational individuals leads to traffic jams. Congestion pricing is effective in reducing demand to sustainable levels, but also controversial, as it…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kevin Riehl , Anastasios Kouvelas , Michail Makridis

The endeavor of interstellar exploration is a convergence of technical innovation and profound ethical inquiry, challenging humanity to extend its reach beyond the confines of our solar system while contemplating the moral implications of…

General Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Florian Neukart

Large scale directed energy offers the possibility of radical transformation in a variety of areas, including the ability to achieve relativistic flight that will enable the first interstellar missions, as well as rapid interplanetary…

General Economics · Economics 2022-01-13 Philip Lubin , Alexander N. Cohen

We review the abundance and diversity of terrestrial rock hosted life, the environments it inhabits, the evolution of its metabolisms, and its fossil biomarkers to provide guidance in the search for the biomarkers of rock hosted life on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-16 T. C. Onstott , B. L. Ehlmann , H. Sapers , M. Coleman , M. Ivarsson , J. J. Marlow , A. Neubeck , P. Niles

Will it be possible in the future to realize large, complex space missions dedicated to basic science like HST, Chandra and JWST? Or will their cost be too great? Today's space scene is completely different from that of even five years ago,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-03 F. Fiore , M. Elvis

We propose definitions and implementations of "S-money" - virtual tokens designed for high value fast transactions on networks with relativistic or other trusted signalling constraints, defined by inputs that in general are made at many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-10 Adrian Kent

Tradable mobility credit (TMC) schemes are an approach to travel demand management that have received significant attention in recent years. This paper proposes and analyzes alternative market models for a TMC system -- focusing on market…

Planet Mars past environmental conditions were similar to the early Earth, but nowadays they are similar to those of a very cold desert, irradiated by intense solar UV light. However, some terrestrial lifeform showed the capability to adapt…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-23 Giuseppe Galletta , Giulio Bertoloni , Maurizio D'Alessandro

The climate of early Mars remains a topic of intense debate. Ancient terrains preserve landscapes consistent with stream channels, lake basins, and possibly even oceans, and thus the presence of liquid water flowing on the Martian surface 4…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-05 Ramses M. Ramirez , Robert A. Craddock

We present a simplistic model of the competition between different currencies. Each individual is free to choose the currency that minimizes his transaction costs, which arise whenever his exchanging relations have chosen a different…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-03-14 Alex Lamarche-Perrin , André Orléan , Pablo Jensen

A model for the formation and distribution of sedimentary rocks on Mars is proposed. The rate-limiting step is supply of liquid water from seasonal melting of snow or ice. The model is run for a O(10^2) mbar pure CO2 atmosphere, dusty snow,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Edwin S. Kite , Itay Halevy , Melinda A. Kahre , Michael J. Wolff , Michael Manga

Mars is the next milestone in human exploration. However, there are still several challenges that must be assessed to ensure appropriate conditions in a future settlement. Communications services will be essential for this task, providing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-01 Zachary C. Rowland , Eva Fernandez Rodriguez