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This paper proposes a control-based framework for aligning large language models (LLMs) by leveraging a control barrier function (CBF) to ensure user-desirable text generation. The presented framework applies the CBF safety filter to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yuya Miyaoka , Masaki Inoue

Text generation often requires high-precision output that obeys task-specific rules. This fine-grained control is difficult to enforce with off-the-shelf deep learning models. In this work, we consider augmenting neural generation models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Xiang Lisa Li , Alexander M. Rush

Transformer-based pre-trained language models boost the performance of open-domain dialogue systems. Prior works leverage Transformer-based pre-trained language models to generate texts with desired attributes in two general approaches: (1)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Wanyu Du , Yangfeng Ji

In this tutorial, we focus on text-to-text generation, a class of natural language generation (NLG) tasks, that takes a piece of text as input and then generates a revision that is improved according to some specific criteria (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Yao Dou , Philippe Laban , Claire Gardent , Wei Xu

Existing video generation models excel at producing photo-realistic videos from text or images, but often lack physical plausibility and 3D controllability. To overcome these limitations, we introduce PhysCtrl, a novel framework for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Chen Wang , Chuhao Chen , Yiming Huang , Zhiyang Dou , Yuan Liu , Jiatao Gu , Lingjie Liu

To guide the generation of large pretrained language models (LM), previous work has focused on directly fine-tuning the language model or utilizing an attribute discriminator. In this work, we propose a novel lightweight framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Jing Qian , Li Dong , Yelong Shen , Furu Wei , Weizhu Chen

Instruction-tuned large language models have shown remarkable performance in aligning generated text with user intentions across various tasks. However, maintaining human-like discourse structure in the generated text remains a challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Yinhong Liu , Yixuan Su , Ehsan Shareghi , Nigel Collier

Teaching large language models (LLMs) to critique and refine their outputs is crucial for building systems that can iteratively improve, yet it is fundamentally limited by the ability to provide accurate judgments and actionable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhihui Xie , Jie Chen , Liyu Chen , Weichao Mao , Jingjing Xu , Lingpeng Kong

Diffusion models have recently become the dominant paradigm for image generation, yet existing systems struggle to interpret and follow numeric instructions for adjusting semantic attributes. In real-world creative scenarios, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Die Chen , Zhongjie Duan , Zhiwen Li , Cen Chen , Daoyuan Chen , Yaliang Li , Yingda Chen

Data availability is a bottleneck during early stages of development of new capabilities for intelligent artificial agents. We investigate the use of text generation techniques to augment the training data of a popular commercial artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Nikolaos Malandrakis , Minmin Shen , Anuj Goyal , Shuyang Gao , Abhishek Sethi , Angeliki Metallinou

Current controls over diffusion models (e.g., through text or ControlNet) for image generation fall short in recognizing abstract, continuous attributes like illumination direction or non-rigid shape change. In this paper, we present an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Ta-Ying Cheng , Matheus Gadelha , Thibault Groueix , Matthew Fisher , Radomir Mech , Andrew Markham , Niki Trigoni

Personalized text generation aims to infer users' writing style preferences from their historical texts and generate outputs that faithfully reflect these stylistic characteristics. Existing solutions primarily adopt two paradigms:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jinghao Zhang , Yuting Liu , Wenjie Wang , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Procedural Content Generation via Reinforcement Learning (PCGRL) foregoes the need for large human-authored data-sets and allows agents to train explicitly on functional constraints, using computable, user-defined measures of quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Zehua Jiang , Sam Earle , Michael Cerny Green , Julian Togelius

Large language models (LLMs) encode knowledge with varying degrees of confidence. When responding to queries, models face an inherent trade-off: they can generate responses that are less informative but highly factual, or more informative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ziwei Gong , Yanda Chen , Julia Hirschberg , Chen Zhao , He He , Zhou Yu , Kathleen Mckeown

Recent neural approaches to data-to-text generation have mostly focused on improving content fidelity while lacking explicit control over writing styles (e.g., word choices, sentence structures). More traditional systems use templates to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Shuai Lin , Wentao Wang , Zichao Yang , Xiaodan Liang , Frank F. Xu , Eric Xing , Zhiting Hu

Recent developments in neural networks have led to the advance in data-to-text generation. However, the lack of ability of neural models to control the structure of generated output can be limiting in certain real-world applications. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Yixuan Su , David Vandyke , Sihui Wang , Yimai Fang , Nigel Collier

Simplifying complex texts is essential for ensuring equitable access to information, especially for individuals with cognitive impairments. The Easy-to-Read (ETR) initiative offers a framework for making content accessible to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 François Ledoyen , Gaël Dias , Jeremie Pantin , Alexis Lechervy , Fabrice Maurel , Youssef Chahir

Recently, there is a growing interest in creating computer-aided design (CAD) models based on user intent, known as controllable CAD generation. Existing work offers limited controllability and needs separate models for different types of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhanwei Zhang , Shizhao Sun , Wenxiao Wang , Deng Cai , Jiang Bian

Despite the success of text-to-text pre-trained models in various natural language generation (NLG) tasks, the generation performance is largely restricted by the number of labeled data in downstream tasks, particularly in data-to-text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Pei Ke , Haozhe Ji , Zhenyu Yang , Yi Huang , Junlan Feng , Xiaoyan Zhu , Minlie Huang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for text generation. In particular, recent LLMs such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 can engage in fluent conversations with users after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jonathan D. Chang , Kiante Brantley , Rajkumar Ramamurthy , Dipendra Misra , Wen Sun
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