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Today's text-to-image generative models are trained on millions of images sourced from the Internet, each paired with a detailed caption produced by Vision-Language Models (VLMs). This part of the training pipeline is critical for supplying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Stanley Wu , Ronik Bhaskar , Anna Yoo Jeong Ha , Shawn Shan , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Autonomous vehicles rely on deep neural networks (DNNs) for traffic sign recognition, lane centering, and vehicle detection, yet these models are vulnerable to attacks that induce misclassification and threaten safety. Existing defenses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Pedram MohajerAnsari , Amir Salarpour , Michael Kühr , Siyu Huang , Mohammad Hamad , Sebastian Steinhorst , Habeeb Olufowobi , Bing Li , Mert D. Pesé

The field of textual adversarial defenses has gained considerable attention in recent years due to the increasing vulnerability of natural language processing (NLP) models to adversarial attacks, which exploit subtle perturbations in input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Wangli Yang , Jie Yang , Yi Guo , Johan Barthelemy

This paper presents a framework which enables a user to more easily make corrections to adversarial texts. While attack algorithms have been demonstrated to automatically build adversaries, changes made by the algorithms can often have poor…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Brandon Laughlin , Christopher Collins , Karthik Sankaranarayanan , Khalil El-Khatib

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), capable of processing text, images, and audio, have been widely adopted in various AI applications. However, recent MLLMs integrating images and text remain highly vulnerable to coordinated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zihao Wang , Kar Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Text-to-image diffusion models have been widely adopted in real-world applications due to their ability to generate realistic images from textual descriptions. However, recent studies have shown that these methods are vulnerable to backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Oscar Chew , Po-Yi Lu , Jayden Lin , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal understanding and generation, yet their vulnerability to adversarial attacks raises significant robustness concerns. While existing effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Hefei Mei , Zirui Wang , Shen You , Minjing Dong , Chang Xu

Text-to-image (T2I) models are capable of generating visually impressive images, yet they often fail to accurately capture specific attributes in user prompts, such as the correct number of objects with the specified colors. The diversity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kevin David Hayes , Micah Goldblum , Vikash Sehwag , Gowthami Somepalli , Ashwinee Panda , Tom Goldstein

We propose a test-time defense mechanism against adversarial attacks: imperceptible image perturbations that significantly alter the predictions of a model. Unlike existing methods that rely on feature filtering or smoothing, which can lead…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Dong Lao , Yuxiang Zhang , Haniyeh Ehsani Oskouie , Yangchao Wu , Alex Wong , Stefano Soatto

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) excel in various vision-language tasks. Yet, their robustness to visual variations in position, scale, orientation, and context that objects in natural scenes inevitably exhibit due to changes in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhiyuan Fan , Yumeng Wang , Sandeep Polisetty , Yi R. Fung

Vision-language pretraining (VLP) with transformers has demonstrated exceptional performance across numerous multimodal tasks. However, the adversarial robustness of these models has not been thoroughly investigated. Existing multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Jiwei Guan , Tianyu Ding , Longbing Cao , Lei Pan , Chen Wang , Xi Zheng

Backdoor attacks undermine the reliability and trustworthiness of machine learning systems by injecting hidden behaviors that can be maliciously activated at inference time. While such threats have been extensively studied in unimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Juncheng Li , Yige Li , Hanxun Huang , Yunhao Chen , Xin Wang , Yixu Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Vision-language models (VLMs) integrate visual and textual information, enabling a wide range of applications such as image captioning and visual question answering, making them crucial for modern AI systems. However, their high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Gaurav Shinde , Anuradha Ravi , Emon Dey , Shadman Sakib , Milind Rampure , Nirmalya Roy

Text-to-Image (T2I) and multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have been adopted in solutions for several computer vision and multimodal learning tasks. However, it has been found that such vision-language models lack the ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Agneet Chatterjee , Yiran Luo , Tejas Gokhale , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world decision-making systems, understanding their behavioural vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge for AI safety and alignment. While existing evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Lili Zhang , Haomiaomiao Wang , Long Cheng , Libao Deng , Tomas Ward

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in recent advancements, their susceptibility to jailbreak attacks has come to light. In such attacks, adversaries exploit carefully crafted prompts to coerce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Ziyi Yin , Yuanpu Cao , Han Liu , Ting Wang , Jinghui Chen , Fenhlong Ma

Vision-Language (VL) pre-trained models have shown their superiority on many multimodal tasks. However, the adversarial robustness of such models has not been fully explored. Existing approaches mainly focus on exploring the adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ziyi Yin , Muchao Ye , Tianrong Zhang , Tianyu Du , Jinguo Zhu , Han Liu , Jinghui Chen , Ting Wang , Fenglong Ma

In this paper, we propose to make a systematic study on machines multisensory perception under attacks. We use the audio-visual event recognition task against multimodal adversarial attacks as a proxy to investigate the robustness of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Yapeng Tian , Chenliang Xu

The safety and robustness of learning-based decision-making systems are under threats from adversarial examples, as imperceptible perturbations can mislead neural networks to completely different outputs. In this paper, we present an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Chao Tang , Yifei Fan , Anthony Yezzi

The emergence of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is a significant advancement in integrating computer vision with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance multi-modal machine learning capabilities. However, this progress has also made VLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zaitang Li , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho
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