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Meta-reinforcement learning (RL) addresses the problem of sample inefficiency in deep RL by using experience obtained in past tasks for a new task to be solved. However, most meta-RL methods require partially or fully on-policy data, i.e.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Takahisa Imagawa , Takuya Hiraoka , Yoshimasa Tsuruoka

The history of learning for control has been an exciting back and forth between two broad classes of algorithms: planning and reinforcement learning. Planning algorithms effectively reason over long horizons, but assume access to a local…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Benjamin Eysenbach , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sergey Levine

In real-world decision making tasks, it is critical for data-driven reinforcement learning methods to be both stable and sample efficient. On-policy methods typically generate reliable policy improvement throughout training, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 James Queeney , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis , Christos G. Cassandras

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods have significant potential for dialogue policy optimisation. However, they suffer from a poor performance in the early stages of learning. This is especially problematic for on-line learning with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Pei-Hao Su , Pawel Budzianowski , Stefan Ultes , Milica Gasic , Steve Young

This paper introduces the QDQN-DPER framework to enhance the efficiency of quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) in solving sequential decision tasks. The framework incorporates prioritized experience replay and asynchronous training into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-20 Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

Efficient exploration has presented a long-standing challenge in reinforcement learning, especially when rewards are sparse. A developmental system can overcome this difficulty by learning from both demonstrations and self-exploration.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Siqing Hou , Dongqi Han , Jun Tani

Continual learning is the one of the most essential abilities for autonomous agents, which can incrementally learn daily-life skills. For this ultimate goal, a simple but powerful method, dark experience replay (DER), has been proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Taisuke Kobayashi

Sample efficiency is one of the most critical issues for online reinforcement learning (RL). Existing methods achieve higher sample efficiency by adopting model-based methods, Q-ensemble, or better exploration mechanisms. We, instead,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Jiafei Lyu , Le Wan , Zongqing Lu , Xiu Li

On-policy deep reinforcement learning algorithms have low data utilization and require significant experience for policy improvement. This paper proposes a proximal policy optimization algorithm with prioritized trajectory replay (PTR-PPO)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Xingxing Liang , Yang Ma , Yanghe Feng , Zhong Liu

Recent developments in sequential experimental design look to construct a policy that can efficiently navigate the design space, in a way that maximises the expected information gain. Whilst there is work on achieving tractable policies for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yasir Zubayr Barlas , Kizito Salako

This paper proposes a method for prioritizing the replay experience referred to as Hindsight Goal Ranking (HGR) in overcoming the limitation of Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) that generates hindsight goals based on uniform sampling. HGR…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Tung M. Luu , Chang D. Yoo

Exploration and adaptation to new tasks in a transfer learning setup is a central challenge in reinforcement learning. In this work, we build on the idea of modeling a distribution over policies in a Bayesian deep reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Disha Shrivastava , Eeshan Gunesh Dhekane , Riashat Islam

In this paper we present a new way of predicting the performance of a reinforcement learning policy given historical data that may have been generated by a different policy. The ability to evaluate a policy from historical data is important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Philip S. Thomas , Emma Brunskill

This paper investigates how to efficiently transition and update policies, trained initially with demonstrations, using off-policy actor-critic reinforcement learning. It is well-known that techniques based on Learning from Demonstrations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Vinicius G. Goecks , Gregory M. Gremillion , Vernon J. Lawhern , John Valasek , Nicholas R. Waytowich

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is attractive in scenarios where reward engineering can be tedious. However, prior IRL algorithms use on-policy transitions, which require intensive sampling from the current policy for stable and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hana Hoshino , Kei Ota , Asako Kanezaki , Rio Yokota

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved impressive success in post-training Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), with on-policy algorithms such as PPO, GRPO, and REINFORCE++ serving as the dominant paradigm.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Weiyu Ma , Yongcheng Zeng , Yan Song , Xinyu Cui , Jian Zhao , Xuhui Liu , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) has shown impressive capabilities in training agents without reward engineering. However, a notable limitation of PbRL is its dependency on substantial human feedback. This dependency stems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Fengshuo Bai , Rui Zhao , Hongming Zhang , Sijia Cui , Ying Wen , Yaodong Yang , Bo Xu , Lei Han

Sparse reward problems are one of the biggest challenges in Reinforcement Learning. Goal-directed tasks are one such sparse reward problems where a reward signal is received only when the goal is reached. One promising way to train an agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Ameet Deshpande , Srikanth Sarma , Ashutosh Jha , Balaraman Ravindran

Continual learning (CL) aims to develop techniques by which a single model adapts to an increasing number of tasks encountered sequentially, thereby potentially leveraging learnings across tasks in a resource-efficient manner. A major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Rishabh Tiwari , Krishnateja Killamsetty , Rishabh Iyer , Pradeep Shenoy

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) for quantum circuit optimization faces three fundamental bottlenecks: replay buffers that ignore the reliability of temporal-difference (TD) targets, curriculum-based architecture search that triggers a full…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Akash Kundu , Sebastian Feld