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We demonstrate the perfect superconducting diode effect (SDE) -- unidirectional supercurrent with 100% diode efficiency -- in light-driven nonequilibrium systems. Although the perfect SDE is difficult to achieve in equilibrium,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-05-26 Makoto Ichikawa , Youichi Yanase

The critical current of a superconductor can be different for opposite directions of current flow when both time-reversal and inversion symmetry are broken. %When time-reversal and inversion symmetry are simultaneously broken, the critical…

Supercurrent diodes are nonreciprocal electronic elements whose switching current depends on their flow direction. Recently, a variety of composite systems combining different materials and engineered asymmetric superconducting devices have…

Superconducting diode effect (SDE) with nonreciprocal supercurrent transport has attracted intense attention recently, not only for its intriguing physics, but also for its great application potential in superconducting circuits. It is…

Nonreciprocal electrical transport, characterized by an asymmetric relationship between current and voltage, plays a crucial role in modern electronic industries. Recent studies have extended this phenomenon to superconductors, introducing…

The superconducting diode effect (SDE), characterized by nonreciprocal critical currents, has attracted growing attention due to its potential applications in quantum technologies and energy-efficient devices. In this work, we explore the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-27 Jiong Li , Ji Jiang , Qing-Hu Chen

Superconducting diode effect, in analogy to the nonreciprocal resistive charge transport in semiconducting diode, is a nonreciprocity of dissipationless supercurrent. Such an exotic phenomenon originates from intertwining between…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-02-01 Muhammad Nadeem , Michael S. Fuhrer , Xiaolin Wang

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is a fundamental building block for dissipationless nonreciprocal electronics, yet its microscopic origins in thin films often involve competing mechanisms that remain debated. Here, we demonstrate…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-02-25 E. B. de Melo Junior , E. Strambini , F. Giazotto , C. I. L. de Araujo

There has recently been a surge of interest in studying the superconducting diode effect (SDE) partly due to the possibility of uncovering the intrinsic properties of a material system. A change of sign of the SDE at finite magnetic field…

Supercurrent rectification, nonreciprocal response of superconducting properties sensitive to the polarity of bias and magnetic field, has attracted growing interest as an ideal diode. While the superconducting rectification effect is a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-04-18 Yusuke Kobayashi , Junichi Shiogai , Tsutomu Nojima , Jobu Matsuno

The intrinsic superconducting diode effect (SDE) is distinguished from the Josephson diode effect (JDE) by its manifestation of nonreciprocal critical current phenomena within a monolithic superconductor, typically linked to finite-momentum…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-04-22 Ran Wang , Ning Hao

A superconducting diode is an electronic device that conducts supercurrent and exhibits zero resistance primarily for one direction of applied current. Such a dissipationless diode is a desirable unit for constructing electronic circuits…

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is defined by the difference in the magnitude of critical currents applied in opposite directions. It has been observed in various superconducting systems and attracted high research interests.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-01-10 Shichao Qi , Jun Ge , Chengcheng Ji , Yiwen Ai , Gaoxing Ma , Ziqiao Wang , Zihan Cui , Yi Liu , Ziqiang Wang , Jian Wang

Non-centrosymmetric superconductors have emerged as a fascinating avenue for exploring unconventional superconductivity. Their broken inversion and time-reversal symmetries make them prime candidates for realizing the intrinsic…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-06-17 R. K. Kushwaha , Arushi , S. Jangid , P. K. Meena , R. Stewart , A. D. Hillier , R. P. Singh

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) enables nonreciprocal supercurrent flow, holding immense potential for ultra-low-power quantum electronics. Intrinsic SDE typically requires materials with inherent symmetry breakings. Here, we report…

Superconducting devices with broken time-reversal and spatial-inversion symmetries can exhibit novel superconducting phenomena. The observation of superconducting diode effects, which is applicable for dissipationless rectification,…

The critical current of a superconductor can depend on the direction of current flow due to magnetochiral anisotropy when both inversion and time-reversal symmetry are broken, an effect known as the superconducting (SC) diode effect. Here,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-09-21 Henry F. Legg , Daniel Loss , Jelena Klinovaja

A strong superconducting diode effect (SDE) is revealed in a thin superconducting film periodically nanostructured with magnetic dots. The SDE is caused by the current-activated dissipation mitigated by vortex-antivortex pairs (VAPs), which…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-09-27 Ji Jiang , M. V. Milošević , Yong-Lei Wang , Zhi-Li Xiao , F. M. Peeters , Qing-Hu Chen

When both inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken, the critical current of a superconductor can be nonreciprocal. In this work we show that in certain classes of two-dimensional superconductors with antisymmetric spin-orbit…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-05-11 Noah F. Q. Yuan , Liang Fu

Nonreciprocal transport is generally observed in superconductors in which time reversal and inversion symmetries are simultaneously broken. This effect, which may become one of the backbones for future superconducting electronics, arises…