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Generating molecular structures with desired properties is a critical task with broad applications in drug discovery and materials design. We propose 3M-Diffusion, a novel multi-modal molecular graph generation method, to generate diverse,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Huaisheng Zhu , Teng Xiao , Vasant G Honavar

Structure-based drug design (SBDD), aiming to generate 3D molecules with high binding affinity toward target proteins, is a vital approach in novel drug discovery. Although recent generative models have shown great potential, they suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Jingyuan Zhou , Hao Qian , Shikui Tu , Lei Xu

State-of-the-art models for 3D molecular generation are based on significant inductive biases, SE(3), permutation equivariance to respect symmetry and graph message-passing networks to capture local chemistry, yet the generated molecules…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Carlos Vonessen , Charles Harris , Miruna Cretu , Pietro Liò

We introduce a new framework for molecular graph generation with 3D molecular generative models. Our Synthetic Coordinate Embedding (SyCo) framework maps molecular graphs to Euclidean point clouds via synthetic conformer coordinates and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Mohamed Amine Ketata , Nicholas Gao , Johanna Sommer , Tom Wollschläger , Stephan Günnemann

We suggest a new multi-modal algorithm for joint inference of paired structurally aligned samples with Rectified Flow models. While some existing methods propose a codependent generation process, they do not view the problem of joint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Boyi Pang , Savva Ignatyev , Vladimir Ippolitov , Ramil Khafizov , Yurii Melnik , Oleg Voynov , Maksim Nakhodnov , Aibek Alanov , Xiaopeng Fan , Peter Wonka , Evgeny Burnaev

Molecule generation, especially generating 3D molecular geometries from scratch (i.e., 3D \textit{de novo} generation), has become a fundamental task in drug designs. Existing diffusion-based 3D molecule generation methods could suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Lei Huang , Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu , Ka-Chun Wong

Sampling useful three-dimensional molecular structures along with their most favorable conformations is a key challenge in drug discovery. Current state-of-the-art 3D de-novo design flow matching or diffusion-based models are limited to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Riccardo Tedoldi , Ola Engkvist , Patrick Bryant , Hossein Azizpour , Jon Paul Janet , Alessandro Tibo

Three-dimensional molecular structure generation is typically performed at the level of individual atoms, yet molecular graph generation techniques often consider fragments as their structural units. Building on the advances in frame-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Roman Poletukhin , Marcel Kollovieh , Eike Eberhard , Stephan Günnemann

Recent methods for molecular generation face a trade-off: they either enforce strict equivariance with costly architectures or relax it to gain scalability and flexibility. We propose a frame-based diffusion paradigm that achieves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Mohan Guo , Cong Liu , Patrick Forré

Molecular structure generation is a fundamental problem that involves determining the 3D positions of molecules' constituents. It has crucial biological applications, such as molecular docking, protein folding, and molecular design. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Wenyin Zhou , Christopher Iliffe Sprague , Vsevolod Viliuga , Matteo Tadiello , Arne Elofsson , Hossein Azizpour

Flow Matching has emerged as a powerful framework for learning continuous transformations between distributions, enabling high-fidelity generative modeling. This work introduces Symmetrical Flow Matching (SymmFlow), a new formulation that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Francisco Caetano , Christiaan Viviers , Peter H. N. De With , Fons van der Sommen

Generative models, especially diffusion models (DMs), have achieved promising results for generating feature-rich geometries and advancing foundational science problems such as molecule design. Inspired by the recent huge success of Stable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Minkai Xu , Alexander Powers , Ron Dror , Stefano Ermon , Jure Leskovec

Estimating three-dimensional conformations of a molecular graph allows insight into the molecule's biological and chemical functions. Fast generation of valid conformations is thus central to molecular modeling. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Sohil Atul Shah , Vladlen Koltun

In the real world, a molecule is a 3D geometric structure. Compared to 1D SMILES sequences and 2D molecular graphs, 3D molecules represent the most informative molecular modality. Despite the rapid progress of autoregressive-based language…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Lei Jiang , Shuzhou Sun , Biqing Qi , Yuchen Fu , Xiaohua Xu , Yuqiang Li , Dongzhan Zhou , Tianfan Fu

We study how to generate molecule conformations (i.e., 3D structures) from a molecular graph. Traditional methods, such as molecular dynamics, sample conformations via computationally expensive simulations. Recently, machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Minkai Xu , Shitong Luo , Yoshua Bengio , Jian Peng , Jian Tang

Molecular structure elucidation is a fundamental step in understanding chemical phenomena, with applications in identifying molecules in natural products, lab syntheses, forensic samples, and the interstellar medium. We consider the task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Austin Cheng , Alston Lo , Kin Long Kelvin Lee , Santiago Miret , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

De novo 3D molecule generation is a pivotal task in drug discovery. However, many recent geometric generative models struggle to produce high-quality 3D structures, even if they maintain 2D validity and topological stability. To tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Danny Reidenbach , Filipp Nikitin , Olexandr Isayev , Saee Paliwal

This work introduces MiDi, a novel diffusion model for jointly generating molecular graphs and their corresponding 3D arrangement of atoms. Unlike existing methods that rely on predefined rules to determine molecular bonds based on the 3D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Clement Vignac , Nagham Osman , Laura Toni , Pascal Frossard

Diffusion-based generative models in SE(3)-invariant space have demonstrated promising performance in molecular conformation generation, but typically require solving stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with thousands of update steps.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Zihan Zhou , Ruiying Liu , Tianshu Yu

Molecular 3D conformations play a key role in determining how molecules interact with other molecules or protein surfaces. Recent deep learning advancements have improved conformation prediction, but slow training speeds and difficulties in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Qingwen Tian , Yuxin Xu , Yixuan Yang , Zhen Wang , Ziqi Liu , Pengju Yan , Xiaolin Li