Related papers: Lorenz equations and the figure eight knot
We compute the linking number of two modular knots in the space $\text{PSL}(2, \mathbb{Z})\backslash\text{PSL}(2, \mathbb{R})$ with the trefoil filled in, which answers a question posed by Ghys in 2007. This computation is realized through…
Elementary methods are used to examine some nontrivial mathematical issues underpinning the Lorentz transformation. Its eigen-system is characterized through the exponential of a $G$-skew symmetric matrix, underlining its unconnectedness at…
We discuss generalizations of some results on lattice polygons to certain piecewise linear loops which may have a self-intersection but have vertices in the lattice $\mathbb{Z}^2$. We first prove a formula on the rotation number of a…
In 1983, Antontsev, Kazhikhov, and Monakhov published a proof of the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the 3D Euler equations in which on certain inflow boundary components fluid is forced into the domain while on other outflow…
A novel view for the emergence of chaos in Lorenz-like systems is presented. For such purpose, the Lorenz problem is reformulated in a classical mechanical form and it turns out to be equivalent to the problem of a damped and forced one…
We examine quadratic surfaces in 3-space that are tangent to nine given figures. These figures can be points, lines, planes or quadrics. The numbers of tangent quadrics were determined by Hermann Schubert in 1879. We study the associated…
To our knowledge, there are two main references [9], [12] regarding the periodical solutions of multi-time Euler-Lagrange systems, even if the multi-time equations appeared in 1935, being introduced by de Donder. That is why, the central…
The 20th-century physics starts with Einstein and ends with Feynman. Einstein introduced the Lorentz-covariant world with E = mc^{2}. Feynman observed that fast-moving hadrons consist of partons which act incoherently with external signals.…
The Lorentz Transformation is derived from only three simple postulates: (i) a weak kinematical form of the Special Relativity Principle that requires the equivalence of reciprocal space-time measurements by two different inertial…
The Lorentz transformation is derived without assuming the existence of Maxwell's equations, or that the speed of light is a constant, or even that light exists. This leads us logically to sonsider the existence of a primal field called…
In Book 1, Proposition 7, Problem 2 of his 1687 Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Isaac Newton poses and answers the following question: Let the orbit of a particle moving in a central force field be an off-center circle. How…
We construct a highly-symmetric periodic orbit of eight bodies in three dimensions. In this orbit, each body collides with its three nearest neighbors in a regular periodic fashion. Regularization of the collisions in the orbit is achieved…
R. F. Williams showed that all knots in the Lorenz template are prime. His proof included the cases where any number of positive twists were added to one of the template's branches. However, Williams does give an example of a composite knot…
We sketch the foundations of classical electrodynamics, in particular the transition that took place when Einstein, in 1915, succeeded to formulate general relativity. In 1916 Einstein demonstrated that, with a choice of suitable variables…
In this paper we deal with the well-known nonlinear Lorenz system that describes the deterministic chaos phenomenon. We consider an interesting problem with time-varying phenomena in quantum optics. Then we establish from the motion…
In 1963 Edward Lorenz revealed deterministic predictability to be an illusion and gave birth to a field that still thrives. This Feature Article discusses Lorenz's discovery and developments that followed from it.
The idea of atoms is old but X-rays provided the first probe into the physical atom. Photographs of X-ray scattering from crystals -Laue spots- were the first visual proof for the physical existence of atoms arranged in a perfect geometric…
The answer to this question is no. In fact, in addition to the solution first obtained by Christiaan Huygens in 1658, given by the cycloid, we show that there is an infinite number of tautochrone curves. With this goal, we start by briefly…
Lorentz ordering (causality) implies the following rule: for any given energy p0 of a system there is a certain interval c0 on x0 so that their product is the Lorentz ordering constant L It means p0c0 = L. The constant L=hc. Hence Planck…
The atom's orbital electron structure in terms of quantum numbers (principal, azimuthal, magnetic and spin) results in space for a maximum of: 2 electrons in the n=1 orbit, 8 electrons in the n=2 orbit, 18 electrons in the n=3 orbit, and so…