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Adversarial attacks pose a significant threat to the reliability of pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as GPT, BERT, RoBERTa, and T5. This paper presents Adversarial Robustness through Dynamic Ensemble Learning (ARDEL), a novel scheme…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Hetvi Waghela , Jaydip Sen , Sneha Rakshit

This paper introduces Adversarial Resilience Learning (ARL), a concept to model, train, and analyze artificial neural networks as representations of competitive agents in highly complex systems. In our examples, the agents normally take the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Lars Fischer , Jan-Menno Memmen , Eric MSP Veith , Martin Tröschel

Deep Neural Networks have demonstrated remarkable success in various domains but remain susceptible to adversarial examples, which are slightly altered inputs designed to induce misclassification. While adversarial attacks typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Weiyou Liu , Zhenyang Li , Weitong Chen

Adversarial Training (AT) is one of the most effective methods for developing robust deep neural networks (DNNs). However, AT faces a trade-off problem between clean accuracy and adversarial robustness. In this work, we reveal a surprising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Yanyun Wang , Qingqing Ye , Li Liu , Zi Liang , Haibo Hu

Although reinforcement learning (RL) is considered the gold standard for policy design, it may not always provide a robust solution in various scenarios. This can result in severe performance degradation when the environment is exposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Juncheng Dong , Hao-Lun Hsu , Qitong Gao , Vahid Tarokh , Miroslav Pajic

Existing defence mechanisms have demonstrated significant effectiveness in mitigating rule-based Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks, leveraging predefined signatures and static heuristics to identify and block malicious traffic. However, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Wei Shao , Yuhao Wang , Rongguang He , Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Seyit Camtepe

Contrastive Learning first extracts features from unlabeled data, followed by linear probing with labeled data. Adversarial Contrastive Learning (ACL) integrates Adversarial Training into the first phase to enhance feature robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ngoc N. Tran , Lam Tran , Hoang Phan , Anh Bui , Tung Pham , Toan Tran , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable success in computer vision tasks such as image classification, segmentation, and object detection. However, they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which can cause incorrect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Suklav Ghosh , Sonal Kumar , Arijit Sur

Adversarially robust training has been shown to reduce the susceptibility of learned models to targeted input data perturbations. However, it has also been observed that such adversarially robust models suffer a degradation in accuracy when…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-07 Thomas T. C. K. Zhang , Bruce D. Lee , Hamed Hassani , Nikolai Matni

Function approximation has enabled remarkable advances in applying reinforcement learning (RL) techniques in environments with high-dimensional inputs, such as images, in an end-to-end fashion, mapping such inputs directly to low-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Junlin Wu , Hussein Sibai , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

A key challenge of continual reinforcement learning (CRL) in dynamic environments is to promptly adapt the RL agent's behavior as the environment changes over its lifetime, while minimizing the catastrophic forgetting of the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Tiantian Zhang , Zichuan Lin , Yuxing Wang , Deheng Ye , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang , Xueqian Wang , Bin Liang , Bo Yuan , Xiu Li

Modern algorithms in the domain of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) demonstrated remarkable successes; most widely known are those in game-based scenarios, from ATARI video games to Go and the StarCraft~\textsc{II} real-time strategy game.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Eric MSP Veith , Nils Wenninghoff , Emilie Frost

Deep learning in combination with improved training techniques and high computational power has led to recent advances in the field of reinforcement learning (RL) and to successful robotic RL applications such as in-hand manipulation.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Melvin Laux , Oleg Arenz , Jan Peters , Joni Pajarinen

This paper proposes an algorithm that aims to improve generalization for reinforcement learning agents by removing overfitting to confounding features. Our approach consists of a max-min game theoretic objective. A generator transfers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Md Masudur Rahman , Yexiang Xue

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has made significant achievements in many real-world applications. But these real-world applications typically can only provide partial observations for making decisions due to occlusions and noisy sensors.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Yinbo Yu , Jiajia Liu , Shouqing Li , Kepu Huang , Xudong Feng

While deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, considerably few efforts have been paid to construct robust deep tracking algorithms against adversarial attacks. Current studies on adversarial attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Shuai Jia , Chao Ma , Yibing Song , Xiaokang Yang

In real-world tasks, reinforcement learning (RL) agents frequently encounter situations that are not present during training time. To ensure reliable performance, the RL agents need to exhibit robustness against worst-case situations. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Sebastian Curi , Ilija Bogunovic , Andreas Krause

State-of-the-art machine learning models can be vulnerable to very small input perturbations that are adversarially constructed. Adversarial training is an effective approach to defend against such examples. It is formulated as a min-max…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-21 Antônio H. Ribeiro , Dave Zachariah , Thomas B. Schön

Adversarially robust learning aims to design algorithms that are robust to small adversarial perturbations on input variables. Beyond the existing studies on the predictive performance to adversarial samples, our goal is to understand…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-21 Yue Xing , Ruizhi Zhang , Guang Cheng

Despite recent success of self-supervised based contrastive learning model for 3D point clouds representation, the adversarial robustness of such pre-trained models raised concerns. Adversarial contrastive learning (ACL) is considered an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Junxuan Huang , Yatong An , Lu cheng , Bai Chen , Junsong Yuan , Chunming Qiao