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Advances in Earth observation (EO) foundation models have unlocked the potential of big satellite data to learn generic representations from space, benefiting a wide range of downstream applications crucial to our planet. However, most…

Earth observation (EO) foundation models have emerged as an effective approach to derive latent representations of the Earth system from various remote sensing sensors. These models produce embeddings that can be used as analysis-ready…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Julia Peters , Karin Mora , Miguel D. Mahecha , Chaonan Ji , David Montero , Clemens Mosig , Guido Kraemer

Earth observation (EO) data spans a wide range of spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions, from high-resolution optical imagery to low resolution multispectral products or radar time series. While recent foundation models have improved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Nicolas Houdré , Diego Marcos , Hugo Riffaud de Turckheim , Dino Ienco , Laurent Wendling , Camille Kurtz , Sylvain Lobry

Due to its cloud-penetrating capability and independence from solar illumination, satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is the preferred data source for large-scale flood mapping, providing global coverage and including various land…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jie Zhao , Zhitong Xiong , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Object localization in satellite imagery is particularly challenging due to the high variability of objects, low spatial resolution, and interference from noise and dominant features such as clouds and city lights. In this research, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Seraj Al Mahmud Mostafa , Chenxi Wang , Jia Yue , Yuta Hozumi , Jianwu Wang

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Earth Observation (EO) satellites have changed the way we monitor Earth. Acting like moving cameras, EO satellites are formed in constellations with different missions and priorities, and capture vast data that needs…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Xiaojian Wang , Ruozhou Yu , Dejun Yang , Guoliang Xue

Earth observation (EO) data such as satellite imagery can have far-reaching impacts on our understanding of the geography of poverty, especially when coupled with machine learning (ML) and computer vision. Early research used computer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Kazuki Sakamoto , Connor T. Jerzak , Adel Daoud

Earth observation (EO) is a prime instrument for monitoring land and ocean processes, studying the dynamics at work, and taking the pulse of our planet. This article gives a bird's eye view of the essential scientific tools and approaches…

Mapping land surface disturbances supports disaster response, resource and ecosystem management, and climate adaptation efforts. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an invaluable tool for disturbance mapping, providing consistent time-series…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Harris Hardiman-Mostow , Charles Marshak , Alexander L. Handwerger

Satellite missions and Earth Observation (EO) systems represent fundamental assets for environmental monitoring and the timely identification of catastrophic events, long-term monitoring of both natural resources and human-made assets, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Luca Colomba , Paolo Garza

In the field of Earth Observation (EO), Continual Learning (CL) algorithms have been proposed to deal with large datasets by decomposing them into several subsets and processing them incrementally. The majority of these algorithms assume…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Valerio Marsocci , Simone Scardapane

Recent advances in Earth Observation have focused on large-scale foundation models. However, these models are computationally expensive, limiting their accessibility and reuse for downstream tasks. In this work, we investigate compact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mohanad Albughdadi

The operation of satellites in very low Earth orbit (VLEO) has been linked to a variety of benefits to both the spacecraft platform and mission design. Critically, for Earth observation (EO) missions a reduction in altitude can enable…

Remote sensing images are useful for a wide variety of planet monitoring applications, from tracking deforestation to tackling illegal fishing. The Earth is extremely diverse -- the amount of potential tasks in remote sensing images is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Favyen Bastani , Piper Wolters , Ritwik Gupta , Joe Ferdinando , Aniruddha Kembhavi

Foundation models offer a promising route to transferable remote sensing representations, but many current approaches depend on very large pretraining datasets and fixed sensor configurations, limiting their suitability for ecological and…

Earth observation (EO) satellite missions have been providing detailed images about the state of the Earth and its land cover for over 50 years. Long term missions, such as NASA's Landsat, Terra, and Aqua satellites, and more recently, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-27 Lynn Miller , Charlotte Pelletier , Geoffrey I. Webb

Multimodal remote sensing image (MRSI) matching is pivotal for cross-modal fusion, localization, and object detection, but it faces severe challenges due to geometric, radiometric, and viewpoint discrepancies across imaging modalities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Peihao Wu , Yongxiang Yao , Wenfei Zhang , Dong Wei , Yi Wan , Yansheng Li , Yongjun Zhang

Current operational Earth Observation (EO) services, including the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS), the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), and the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS), rely primarily on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Parampuneet Kaur Thind , Charles Mwangi , Giovanni Varetto , Lorenzo Sarti , Andrea Papa , Andrea Taramelli

With the emergence of deep learning in the last years, new opportunities arose in Earth observation research. Nevertheless, they also brought with them new challenges. The data-hungry training processes of deep learning models demand large,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Thorsten Hoeser , Claudia Kuenzer

Earth observation (EO) satellites produce massive streams of multispectral image time series, posing pressing challenges for storage and transmission. Yet, learned EO compression remains fragmented and lacks publicly available, large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Julen Costa-Watanabe , Isabelle Wittmann , Benedikt Blumenstiel , Konrad Schindler