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Gradient descent is slow to converge for ill-conditioned problems and non-convex problems. An important technique for acceleration is step-size adaptation. The first part of this paper contains a detailed review of step-size adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Hengshuai Yao

We study the convergence behavior of the stochastic heavy-ball method with a small stepsize. Under a change of time scale, we approximate the discrete method by a stochastic differential equation that models small random perturbations of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Wenqing Hu , Chris Junchi Li , Xiang Zhou

This paper revisits the Polyak step size schedule for convex optimization problems, proving that a simple variant of it simultaneously attains near optimal convergence rates for the gradient descent algorithm, for all ranges of strong…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-03 Elad Hazan , Sham Kakade

We present a stochastic variance-reduced heavy ball power iteration algorithm for solving PCA and provide a convergence analysis for it. The algorithm is an extension of heavy ball power iteration, incorporating a step size so that progress…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Cheolmin Kim , Diego Klabjan

Stochastic gradient methods (SGMs) have been extensively used for solving stochastic problems or large-scale machine learning problems. Recent works employ various techniques to improve the convergence rate of SGMs for both convex and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-02 Yangyang Xu , Yibo Xu

Stochastic Gradient Descent with a constant learning rate (constant SGD) simulates a Markov chain with a stationary distribution. With this perspective, we derive several new results. (1) We show that constant SGD can be used as an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-23 Stephan Mandt , Matthew D. Hoffman , David M. Blei

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with stochastic momentum is popular in nonconvex stochastic optimization and particularly for the training of deep neural networks. In standard SGD, parameters are updated by improving along the path of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Jun-Kun Wang , Chi-Heng Lin , Jacob Abernethy

Stochastic gradient descent (\textsc{Sgd}) methods are the most powerful optimization tools in training machine learning and deep learning models. Moreover, acceleration (a.k.a. momentum) methods and diagonal scaling (a.k.a. adaptive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-02 Qi Deng , Yi Cheng , Guanghui Lan

In this work, we first present an adaptive deterministic block coordinate descent method with momentum (mADBCD) to solve the linear least-squares problem, which is based on Polyak's heavy ball method and a new column selection criterion for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Long-Ze Tan , Ming-Yu Deng , Jia-Li Qiu , Xue-Ping Guo

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with mini-batching is a standard tool in large-scale optimization, yet its theoretical properties under heavy-tailed gradient noise remain largely unexplored. In this paper we study SGD with increasing…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Bartosz Glowacki , Rafal Kulik , Philippe Soulier

Learning representation from relative similarity comparisons, often called ordinal embedding, gains rising attention in recent years. Most of the existing methods are based on semi-definite programming (\textit{SDP}), which is generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Ke Ma , Jinshan Zeng , Qianqian Xu , Xiaochun Cao , Wei Liu , Yuan Yao

The vast majority of convergence rates analysis for stochastic gradient methods in the literature focus on convergence in expectation, whereas trajectory-wise almost sure convergence is clearly important to ensure that any instantiation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Jun Liu , Ye Yuan

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM), in which a momentum term is added to SGD, has been well studied in both theory and practice. The theoretical studies show that the settings of the learning rate and momentum weight affect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Keisuke Kamo , Hideaki Iiduka

We analyze a class of stochastic gradient algorithms with momentum on a high-dimensional random least squares problem. Our framework, inspired by random matrix theory, provides an exact (deterministic) characterization for the sequence of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Courtney Paquette , Elliot Paquette

In this work we propose a new primal-dual algorithm with adaptive step-sizes. The stochastic primal-dual hybrid gradient (SPDHG) algorithm with constant step-sizes has become widely applied in large-scale convex optimization across many…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Antonin Chambolle , Claire Delplancke , Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Junqi Tang

In this work, we consider smooth unconstrained optimization problems and we deal with the class of gradient methods with momentum, i.e., descent algorithms where the search direction is defined as a linear combination of the current…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Matteo Lapucci , Giampaolo Liuzzi , Stefano Lucidi , Davide Pucci , Marco Sciandrone

The stochastic proximal point (SPP) methods have gained recent attention for stochastic optimization, with strong convergence guarantees and superior robustness to the classic stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods showcased at little to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-10 Xiao-Tong Yuan , Ping Li

Many relevant problems in the area of systems and control, such as controller synthesis, observer design and model reduction, can be viewed as optimization problems involving dynamical systems: for instance, maximizing performance in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-15 Pascal Den Boef , Jos Maubach , Wil Schilders , Nathan van de Wouw

We propose and study Sparse Polyak, a variant of Polyak's adaptive step size, designed to solve high-dimensional statistical estimation problems where the problem dimension is allowed to grow much faster than the sample size. In such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-16 Tianqi Qiao , Marie Maros

SGD with momentum (SGDM) has been widely applied in many machine learning tasks, and it is often applied with dynamic stepsizes and momentum weights tuned in a stagewise manner. Despite of its empirical advantage over SGD, the role of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-19 Yanli Liu , Yuan Gao , Wotao Yin