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Risk-based authentication (RBA) aims to protect users against attacks involving stolen passwords. RBA monitors features during login, and requests re-authentication when feature values widely differ from previously observed ones. It is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Stephan Wiefling , Paul René Jørgensen , Sigurd Thunem , Luigi Lo Iacono

Password security hinges on an in-depth understanding of the techniques adopted by attackers. Unfortunately, real-world adversaries resort to pragmatic guessing strategies such as dictionary attacks that are inherently difficult to model in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Dario Pasquini , Marco Cianfriglia , Giuseppe Ateniese , Massimo Bernaschi

Learning useful representations from unstructured data is one of the core challenges, as well as a driving force, of modern data-driven approaches. Deep learning has demonstrated the broad advantages of learning and harnessing such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Dario Pasquini , Ankit Gangwal , Giuseppe Ateniese , Massimo Bernaschi , Mauro Conti

This paper considers password generators, i.e. systems designed to generate site-specific passwords on demand. Such systems are an alternative to password managers. Over the last 15 years a range of password generator systems have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Fatma AL Maqbali , Chris J Mitchell

Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) are commonly used as an authentication mechanism. An important security requirement is that PINs should be hard to guess for an attacker. On the other hand, remembering several random PINs can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-02-13 Lubica Staneková , Martin Stanek

Based on Irish older adult's perceptions, practices, and challenges regarding password management, the goal of this study was to compile suitable advice that can benefit this demographic. To achieve this, we first conducted semi structured…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ashley Sheil , Jacob Camilleri , Michelle O'Keeffe , Melanie Gruben , Moya Cronin , Hazel Murray

In recent years, numerous incidents involving the leakage of website accounts and text passwords (referred to as passwords) have raised significant concerns regarding the potential exposure of personal information. These events underscore…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Abel C. H. Chen

Although there have been many solutions applied, the safety challenges related to the password security mechanism are not reduced. The reason for this is that while the means and tools to support password attacks are becoming more and more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Nguyen Hong Son , Ha Thanh Dung

Some protected password change protocols were proposed. However, the previous protocols were easily vulnerable to several attacks such as denial of service, password guessing, stolen-verifier and impersonation atacks etc. Recently, Chang et…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ren-Chiun Wang , Chou-Chen Yang , Kun-Ru Mo

Recently, recommender systems have achieved promising performances and become one of the most widely used web applications. However, recommender systems are often trained on highly sensitive user data, thus potential data leakage from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Minxing Zhang , Zhaochun Ren , Zihan Wang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Pengfei Hu , Yang Zhang

Recommender systems play a crucial role in helping users to find their interested information in various web services such as Amazon, YouTube, and Google News. Various recommender systems, ranging from neighborhood-based,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Hai Huang , Jiaming Mu , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Qi Li , Bin Liu , Mingwei Xu

Vulnerabilities related to weak passwords are a pressing global economic and security issue. We report a novel, simple, and effective approach to address the weak password problem. Building upon chaotic dynamics, criticality at phase…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-05-27 T. V. Laptyeva , S. Flach , K. Kladko

Password guessers are instrumental for assessing the strength of passwords. Despite their diversity and abundance, little is known about how different guessers compare to each other. We perform in-depth analyses and comparisons of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Zach Parish , Connor Cushing , Shourya Aggarwal , Amirali Salehi-Abari , Julie Thorpe

Using English words as passwords have been a popular topic in the last few years. The following article discusses a study to compare self-selection of the system-generated words for recognition and self-generated words for recall for nouns…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Hassan Wasfi , Richard Stone

In today's world password are mostly used for authentication. This makes them prone to various kinds of attacks like dictionary attacks. A dictionary attack is a method of breaking the password by systematically entering every word in a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-12-27 Priyanka Naik , Sugata Sanyal

Password authentication suffers from the well-known tradeoff between security and usability. Secure passwords are difficult for users to remember, and memorable passwords are often easy to guess. SPARse Two-dimensional AuthenticatioN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Sarah C. Helble , Alexander J. Gartner , Jennifer A. McKneely

Password advice is constantly circulated by standards agencies, companies, websites and specialists. But there appears to be great diversity in terms of the advice that is given. Users have noticed that different websites are enforcing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Hazel Murray , David Malone

Password managers have the potential to help users more effectively manage their passwords and address many of the concerns surrounding password-based authentication, however prior research has identified significant vulnerabilities in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Sean Oesch , Scott Ruoti

Passwords, a first line of defense against unauthorized access, must be secure and memorable. However, people often struggle to create secure passwords they can recall. To address this problem, we design Password inspiration by eXploring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Shengqian Wang , Amirali Salehi-Abari , Julie Thorpe

Sensitive data leakage is the major growing problem being faced by enterprises in this technical era. Data leakage causes severe threats for organization of data safety which badly affects the reputation of organizations. Data leakage is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Kishu Gupta , Ashwani Kush