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Measurement underpins all quantitative science. A key example is the measurement of optical phase, used in length metrology and many other applications. Advances in precision measurement have consistently led to important scientific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 B. L. Higgins , D. W. Berry , S. D. Bartlett , H. M. Wiseman , G. J. Pryde

For a large class of variational quantum circuits, we show how arbitrary-order derivatives can be analytically evaluated in terms of simple parameter-shift rules, i.e., by running the same circuit with different shifts of the parameters. As…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Andrea Mari , Thomas R. Bromley , Nathan Killoran

Hybrid quantum systems with different particle species are fundamental in quantum materials and quantum information science. In this work, we establish a rigorous theoretical framework proving that, given access to an unknown spin-boson…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Lixing Zhang , Ze-Xun Lin , Prineha Narang , Di Luo

Many prominent quantum computing algorithms with applications in fields such as chemistry and materials science require a large number of measurements, which represents an important roadblock for future real-world use cases. We introduce a…

In this paper we explore the possibility of performing Heisenberg limited quantum metrology of a phase, without any prior, by employing only maximally entangled states. Starting from the estimator introduced by Higgins et al. in New J.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-27 Federico Belliardo , Vittorio Giovannetti

We propose the first near-optimal quantum algorithm for estimating in Euclidean norm the mean of a vector-valued random variable with finite mean and covariance. Our result aims at extending the theory of multivariate sub-Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-20 Arjan Cornelissen , Yassine Hamoudi , Sofiene Jerbi

We present a quantum algorithm to estimate parameters at the quantum metrology limit using deterministic quantum computation with one bit. When the interactions occurring in a quantum system are described by a Hamiltonian $H= \theta H_0$,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-03 Rolando D. Somma , Sergio Boixo

Hybrid quantum-classical optimization algorithms represent one of the most promising application for near-term quantum computers. In these algorithms the goal is to optimize an observable quantity with respect to some classical parameters,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Leonardo Banchi , Gavin E. Crooks

Gradient descent is one of the most basic algorithms for solving continuous optimization problems. In [Jordan, PRL, 95(5):050501, 2005], Jordan proposed the first quantum algorithm for estimating gradients of functions close to linear, with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Yuxin Zhang , Changpeng Shao

Achieving quantum advantage in efficiently estimating collective properties of quantum many-body systems remains a fundamental goal in quantum computing. While the quantum gradient estimation (QGE) algorithm has been shown to achieve doubly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-05 Yuki Koizumi , Kaito Wada , Wataru Mizukami , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

Estimating observable expectation values in eigenstates of quantum systems has a broad range of applications and is an area where early fault-tolerant quantum computers may provide practical quantum advantage. We develop a hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Bence Bakó , Tenzan Araki , Bálint Koczor

Achieving the ultimate precisions for multiple parameters simultaneously is an outstanding challenge in quantum physics, because the optimal measurements for incompatible parameters cannot be performed jointly due to the Heisenberg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-12 Binke Xia , Jingzheng Huang , Hongjing Li , Han Wang , Guihua Zeng

A distributed sensing protocol uses a network of local sensing nodes to estimate a global feature of the network, such as a weighted average of locally detectable parameters. In the noiseless case, continuous-variable multipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-28 Quntao Zhuang , John Preskill , Liang Jiang

We introduce two quantum algorithms for solving structured prediction problems. We first show that a stochastic gradient descent that uses the quantum minimum finding algorithm and takes its probabilistic failure into account solves the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Behrooz Sepehry , Ehsan Iranmanesh , Michael P. Friedlander , Pooya Ronagh

Variational quantum metrology represents a powerful tool for optimizing generic estimation strategies, combining the principles of variational optimization with the techniques of quantum metrology. Such optimization procedures result…

Estimating the eigenvalues of non-normal matrices is a foundational problem with far-reaching implications, from modeling non-Hermitian quantum systems to analyzing complex fluid dynamics. Yet, this task remains beyond the reach of standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Yukun Zhang , Yusen Wu , Xiao Yuan

Realisation of experiments even on small and medium-scale quantum computers requires an optimisation of several parameters to achieve high-fidelity operations. As the size of the quantum register increases, the characterisation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-11 F. Martínez-García , D. Vodola , M. Müller

Quantum phase estimation is a cornerstone in quantum algorithm design, allowing for the inference of eigenvalues of exponentially-large sparse matrices.The maximum rate at which these eigenvalues may be learned, --known as the Heisenberg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Alicja Dutkiewicz , Barbara M. Terhal , Thomas E. O'Brien

We present a detailed numerical study of an alternative approach, named Quantum Non-Demolition Measurement (QNDM), to efficiently estimate the gradients or the Hessians of a quantum observable. This is a key step and a resource-demanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Giovanni Minuto , Dario Melegari , Simone Caletti , Paolo Solinas

Variational quantum algorithms are promising tools for near-term quantum computers as their shallow circuits are robust to experimental imperfections. Their practical applicability, however, strongly depends on how many times their circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-13 Barnaby van Straaten , Bálint Koczor