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Quantum estimation theory provides optimal observations for various estimation problems for unknown parameters in the state of the system under investigation. However, the theory has been developed under the assumption that every observable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Hotta , M. Ozawa

We provide an adaptive learning algorithm for tomography of general quantum states. Our proposal is based on the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm and is applicable on mixed qudit states. The salient features of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Ahmad Farooq , Muhammad Asad Ullah , Syahri Ramadhani , Junaid ur Rehman , Hyundong Shin

The quantum Wasserstein distance (W-distance) is a fundamental metric for quantifying the distinguishability of quantum operations, with critical applications in quantum error correction. However, computing the W-distance remains…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Changchun Feng , Xinyu Qiu , Laifa Tao , Lin Chen

An important step in building a quantum computer is calibrating experimentally implemented quantum gates to produce operations that are close to ideal unitaries. The calibration step involves estimating the systematic errors in gates and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Shelby Kimmel , Guang Hao Low , Theodore J. Yoder

We consider a quantum system with a time-independent Hamiltonian parametrized by a set of unknown parameters $\alpha$. The system is prepared in a general quantum state by an evolution operator that depends on a set of unknown parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 Wucheng Zhang , Ilia Tutunnikov , Ilya Sh. Averbukh , Roman V. Krems

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is one of the main tenets of quantum theory. Nevertheless, and despite its fundamental importance for our understanding of quantum foundations, there has been some confusion in its interpretation: although…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-06 Cyril Branciard

In Bayesian estimation theory, the estimator ${\hat \theta} = E[\theta|l]$ attains the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) for estimating a scalar parameter of interest $\theta$ from the observation of $l$ through a noisy channel…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-06-10 Kwan Kit Lee , Christos Gagatsos , Saikat Guha , Amit Ashok

We establish a systematic framework of unbiased quantum sampling and estimation protocols for the classical Gibbs expectation. This framework generalizes existing approaches to the partition function estimation and has broader applications…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Xinmiao Li , Jin-Peng Liu

We study gradient testing and gradient estimation of smooth functions using only a comparison oracle that, given two points, indicates which one has the larger function value. For any smooth $f\colon\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb R$,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Xiwen Tao , Chenyi Zhang , Helin Wang , Yexin Zhang , Tongyang Li

Massive quantum oscillators are finding increasing applications in proposals for high-precision quantum sensors and interferometric detection of weak forces. Although optimal estimation of certain properties of massive quantum oscillators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Tyler Volkoff , Giri Gopalan

Quantum Metrology calculates the ultimate precision of all estimation strategies, measuring what is their root mean-square error (RMSE) and their Fisher information. Here, instead, we ask how many bits of the parameter we can recover,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-22 Lorenzo Maccone , Majid Hassani , Chiara Macchiavello

The detection and characterization of quantum coherence is of fundamental importance both in the foundations of quantum theory as well as for the rapidly developing field of quantum technologies, where coherence has been linked to quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Rhea Alexander , Michalis Skotiniotis , Daniel Manzano

We introduce a hybrid stochastic estimator to design stochastic gradient algorithms for solving stochastic optimization problems. Such a hybrid estimator is a convex combination of two existing biased and unbiased estimators and leads to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-16 Quoc Tran-Dinh , Nhan H. Pham , Dzung T. Phan , Lam M. Nguyen

Most studies of adaptive algorithm behavior consider performance measures based on mean values such as the mean-square error. The derived models are useful for understanding the algorithm behavior under different environments and can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-04 Marcos H. Maruo , José Carlos M. Bermudez

Quantum metrology offers the potential to surpass its classical counterpart, pushing the boundaries of measurement precision toward the ultimate Heisenberg limit. This enhanced precision is normally attained by utilizing large squeezed…

A generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator is unreliable for a large number of moment conditions, that is, it is comparable, or larger than the sample size. While classical GMM literature proposes several provisions to this problem,…

Computation · Statistics 2021-03-11 Masahiro Tanaka

Kernel methods are typically formulated under the assumption of exact, noise-free access to the Gram matrix. However, in emerging settings such as quantum machine learning, each kernel entry must be inferred from noisy observations, and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Artur Miroszewski

Learning a many-body Hamiltonian from its dynamics is a fundamental problem in physics. In this work, we propose the first algorithm to achieve the Heisenberg limit for learning an interacting $N$-qubit local Hamiltonian. After a total…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-31 Hsin-Yuan Huang , Yu Tong , Di Fang , Yuan Su

Continuous-time measurements are instrumental for a multitude of tasks in quantum engineering and quantum control, including the estimation of dynamical parameters of open quantum systems monitored through the environment. However, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Alfred Godley , Madalin Guta

Quantum multiparameter estimation involves estimating multiple parameters simultaneously and can be more precise than estimating them individually. Our interest here is to determine fundamental quantum limits to the achievable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-26 Shibdas Roy
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