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Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a promising frontier for recommender systems, yet their development has been impeded by the absence of predictable scaling laws, which are crucial for guiding research and optimizing resource…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Benyu Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Jianpeng Cheng , Hong-You Chen , Qifei Wang , Wei Sun , Shen Li , Jia Li , Jiahao Wu , Xiangjun Fan , Hong Yan

While current benchmark reinforcement learning (RL) tasks have been useful to drive progress in the field, they are in many ways poor substitutes for learning with real-world data. By testing increasingly complex RL algorithms on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Amy Zhang , Yuxin Wu , Joelle Pineau

Sequential recommendation systems aim to predict users' next likely interaction based on their history. However, these systems face data sparsity and cold-start problems. Utilizing data from other domains, known as multi-domain methods, is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Zuoli Tang , Zhaoxin Huan , Zihao Li , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Hu , Chilin Fu , Jun Zhou , Lixin Zou , Chenliang Li

Modern recommender systems must adapt to dynamic, need-specific objectives for diverse recommendation scenarios, yet most traditional recommenders are optimized for a single static target and struggle to reconfigure behavior on demand.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yijun Pan , Weikang Qiu , Qiyao Ma , Mingxuan Ju , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Rex Ying

Reinforcement learning (RL) solves sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error process interacting with the environment. While RL achieves outstanding success in playing complex video games that allow huge trial-and-error,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Fan-Ming Luo , Tian Xu , Hang Lai , Xiong-Hui Chen , Weinan Zhang , Yang Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human users in interactive settings such as therapy, education, and social role-play. While these simulations enable scalable training and evaluation of AI agents, off-the-shelf…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Marwa Abdulhai , Ryan Cheng , Donovan Clay , Tim Althoff , Sergey Levine , Natasha Jaques

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse domains, thereby prompting researchers to explore their potential for use in recommendation systems. Initial attempts have leveraged the exceptional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Keqin Bao , Jizhi Zhang , Yang Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong potential in generating natural language explanations for recommender systems. However, existing methods often overlook the sequential dynamics of user behavior and rely on evaluation metrics…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Gangyi Zhang , Runzhe Teng , Chongming Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance in natural language processing tasks. However, in the field of recommender systems, due to the inherent structural discrepancy between user behavior data and natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zekun Liu , Xiaowen Huang , Jitao Sang

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) is remarkably effective in addressing sequential resource allocation problems in domains such as healthcare, public policy, and resource management. However, deep RL policies often lack transparency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Mauricio Tec , Guojun Xiong , Haichuan Wang , Francesca Dominici , Milind Tambe

While reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved notable success in various domains, training effective policies for complex tasks remains challenging. Agents often converge to local optima and fail to maximize long-term rewards. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Heng Tan , Hua Yan , Yu Yang

The integration of Large Language Model (LLM) agents is transforming recommender systems from simple query-item matching towards deeply personalized and interactive recommendations. Reinforcement Learning (RL) provides an essential…

Adapting the user interface (UI) of software systems to meet the needs and preferences of users is a complex task. The main challenge is to provide the appropriate adaptations at the appropriate time to offer value to end-users. Recent…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Daniel Gaspar-Figueiredo , Marta Fernández-Diego , Ruben Nuredini , Silvia Abrahão , Emilio Insfrán

Large language model (LLM) simulations of human behavior have the potential to revolutionize the social and behavioral sciences, if and only if they faithfully reflect real human behaviors. Current evaluations of simulation fidelity are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiancheng Hu , Joachim Baumann , Lorenzo Lupo , Nigel Collier , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

Conventional recommender systems (RSs) face challenges in precisely capturing users' fine-grained preferences. Large language models (LLMs) have shown capabilities in commonsense reasoning and leveraging external tools that may help address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Yuyue Zhao , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang , Wei Tang , Dingxian Wang , Maarten de Rijke

Effective recommender systems demand dynamic user understanding, especially in complex, evolving environments. Traditional user profiling often fails to capture the nuanced, temporal contextual factors of user preferences, such as transient…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Milad Sabouri , Masoud Mansoury , Kun Lin , Bamshad Mobasher

Conversational Recommender System (CRS) leverages real-time feedback from users to dynamically model their preferences, thereby enhancing the system's ability to provide personalized recommendations and improving the overall user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Lixi Zhu , Xiaowen Huang , Jitao Sang

In recent years, Recommender Systems (RS) have witnessed a transformative shift with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Models such as GPT-3.5/4, Llama, have demonstrated…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Junyi Chen , Toyotaro Suzumura

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms aim to learn optimal decisions in unknown environments through experience of taking actions and observing the rewards gained. In some cases, the environment is not influenced by the actions of the RL…

The paper underscores the significance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in reshaping recommender systems, attributing their value to unique reasoning abilities absent in traditional recommenders. Unlike conventional systems lacking direct…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Arpita Vats , Vinija Jain , Rahul Raja , Aman Chadha