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Related papers: AIFS -- ECMWF's data-driven forecasting system

200 papers

Precipitation governs Earth's hydroclimate, and its daily spatiotemporal fluctuations have major socioeconomic effects. Advances in Numerical weather prediction (NWP) have been measured by the improvement of forecasts for various physical…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-14 Manmeet Singh , Vaisakh S B , Nachiketa Acharya , Aditya Grover , Suryachandra A Rao , Bipin Kumar , Zong-Liang Yang , Dev Niyogi

The advents of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven models marks a paradigm shift in risk management strategies for meteorological hazards. This study specifically employs tropical cyclones (TCs) as a focal example. We engineer a…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Kairui Feng , Dazhi Xi , Wei Ma , Cao Wang , Yuanlong Li , Xuanhong Chen

The rise of accurate machine learning methods for weather forecasting is creating radical new possibilities for modeling the atmosphere. In the time of climate change, having access to high-resolution forecasts from models like these is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Joel Oskarsson , Tomas Landelius , Fredrik Lindsten

Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models struggle to skillfully predict tropical precipitation occurrence and amount, calling for alternative approaches. For instance, it has been shown that fairly simple, purely data-driven logistic…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-09 Eva-Maria Walz , Peter Knippertz , Andreas H. Fink , Gregor Köhler , Tilmann Gneiting

Global climate models parameterize a range of atmospheric-oceanic processes like gravity waves, clouds, moist convection, and turbulence that cannot be sufficiently resolved. These subgrid-scale closures for unresolved processes are a…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-05 Aman Gupta , Aditi Sheshadri , Sujit Roy , Johannes Schmude , Vishal Gaur , Wei Ji Leong , Manil Maskey , Rahul Ramachandran

Artificial Intelligence (AI) weather prediction (AIWP) models often produce ``blurry'' precipitation forecasts. This study presents a novel solution to tackle this problem -- integrating terrain-following coordinates into AIWP models.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Yingkai Sha , John S. Schreck , William Chapman , David John Gagne

A primary goal of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Warn-on-Forecast (WoF) project is to provide rapidly updating probabilistic guidance to human forecasters for short-term (e.g., 0-3 h) severe weather forecasts.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Montgomery Flora , Corey K. Potvin , Patrick S. Skinner , Shawn Handler , Amy McGovern

Time series forecasting (TSF) is crucial in fields like economic forecasting, weather prediction, traffic flow analysis, and public health surveillance. Real-world time series data often include noise, outliers, and missing values, making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Quangao Liu , Ruiqi Li , Maowei Jiang , Wei Yang , Chen Liang , LongLong Pang , Zhuozhang Zou

Historical observations of severe weather and simulated severe weather environments (i.e., features) from the Global Ensemble Forecast System v12 (GEFSv12) Reforecast Dataset (GEFS/R) are used in conjunction to train and test random forest…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-12-19 Aaron J. Hill , Russ S. Schumacher , Israel Jirak

Statistical postprocessing is routinely applied to correct systematic errors of numerical weather prediction models (NWP) and to automatically produce calibrated local forecasts for end-users. Postprocessing is particularly relevant in…

Extreme weather events pose escalating risks to global society, underscoring the urgent need to unravel their underlying physical mechanisms. Yet the prevailing expert-driven, labor-intensive diagnostic paradigm has created a critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Zhe Jiang , Jiong Wang , Xiaoyu Yue , Zijie Guo , Wenlong Zhang , Fenghua Ling , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Accurate weather and climate modeling is critical for both scientific advancement and safeguarding communities against environmental risks. Traditional approaches rely heavily on Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, which simulate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Muhammad Akhtar Munir , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Salman Khan

An Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA) can provide valuable information on the analysis and short-range forecast uncertainties. The present ECMWF operational ocean analysis and reanalysis system, called ORAS5, produces an ensemble but does…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Marcin Chrust , Anthony T. Weaver , Philip Browne , Hao Zuo , Magdalena Alonso Balmaseda

We assess the impact of a multi-scale loss formulation for training probabilistic machine-learned weather forecasting models. The multi-scale loss is tested in AIFS-CRPS, a machine-learned weather forecasting model developed at the European…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Simon Lang , Martin Leutbecher , Pedro Maciel

Data-driven deep learning models are transforming global weather forecasting. It is an open question if this success can extend to climate modeling, where the complexity of the data and long inference rollouts pose significant challenges.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Salva Rühling Cachay , Brian Henn , Oliver Watt-Meyer , Christopher S. Bretherton , Rose Yu

Multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF) is a critical task with broad applications in domains such as meteorology, transportation, and economics. Nevertheless, pervasive missing values caused by sensor failures or human errors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Kai Tang , Ji Zhang , Hua Meng , Minbo Ma , Qi Xiong , Fengmao Lv , Jie Xu , Tianrui Li

Post-processing typically takes the outputs of a Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model and applies linear statistical techniques to produce improve localized forecasts, by including additional observations, or determining systematic…

The success of deep learning techniques over the last decades has opened up a new avenue of research for weather forecasting. Here, we take the novel approach of using a neural network to predict full probability density functions at each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-05 Mariana Clare , Omar Jamil , Cyril Morcrette

The emergence of data-driven weather forecast models provides great promise for producing faster, computationally cheaper weather forecasts, compared to physics-based numerical models. However, while the performance of artificial…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Hilla Afargan-Gerstman , Rachel W. -Y. Wu , Alice Ferrini , Daniela I. V. Domeisen

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based data-driven weather forecasting models have experienced rapid progress over the last years. Recent studies, with models trained on reanalysis data, achieve impressive results and demonstrate substantial…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Christopher Bülte , Nina Horat , Julian Quinting , Sebastian Lerch