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Advancements in additive manufacturing have enabled design and fabrication of materials and structures not previously realizable. In particular, the design space of composite materials and structures has vastly expanded, and the resulting…

Generative model based image lossless compression algorithms have seen a great success in improving compression ratio. However, the throughput for most of them is less than 1 MB/s even with the most advanced AI accelerated chips, preventing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-14 Ning Kang , Shanzhao Qiu , Shifeng Zhang , Zhenguo Li , Shutao Xia

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) balance high accuracy and lower costs compared to density functional theory calculations, but their performance often depends on the size and diversity of training datasets. Large datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Benjamin Yu , Vincenzo Lordi , Daniel Schwalbe-Koda

In recent years, domain-specific hardware has brought significant performance improvements in deep learning (DL). Both industry and academia only focus on throughput when evaluating these AI accelerators, which usually are custom ASICs…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Zihan Jiang , Jiansong Li , Jiangfeng Zhan

The exponential growth of AI has created unprecedented demand for computational resources, pushing chip designs to the limit while simultaneously escalating the environmental footprint of computing. As the industry transitions toward…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Chetan Choppali Sudarshan , Jiajun Hu , Aman Arora , Vidya A. Chhabria

Advanced 2.5D Systems-in-Package (SiPs) compose a growing portion of high-performance systems. While the packaging and interconnect choices play a large role in the overall system design, system architects still lack a suitable framework…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhengping Zhu , Austin Rovinski

We introduce controlgym, a library of thirty-six industrial control settings, and ten infinite-dimensional partial differential equation (PDE)-based control problems. Integrated within the OpenAI Gym/Gymnasium (Gym) framework, controlgym…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Xiangyuan Zhang , Weichao Mao , Saviz Mowlavi , Mouhacine Benosman , Tamer Başar

Optical computing has been recently proposed as a new compute paradigm to meet the demands of future AI/ML workloads in datacenters and supercomputers. However, proposed implementations so far suffer from lack of scalability, large…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Daniel Sturm , Sajjad Moazeni

This study presents GreenLight-Gym, a new, fast, open-source benchmark environment for developing reinforcement learning (RL) methods in greenhouse crop production control. Built on the state-of-the-art GreenLight model, it features a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-22 Bart van Laatum , Eldert J. van Henten , Sjoerd Boersma

With deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods achieving results that exceed human capabilities in games, robotics, and simulated environments, continued scaling of RL training is crucial to its deployment in solving complex real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Ahmet Inci , Evgeny Bolotin , Yaosheng Fu , Gal Dalal , Shie Mannor , David Nellans , Diana Marculescu

Transformers have revolutionized deep learning and generative modeling, enabling advancements in natural language processing tasks. However, the size of transformer models is increasing continuously, driven by enhanced capabilities across…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Harsh Sharma , Pratyush Dhingra , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Umit Ogras , Partha Pratim Pande

Machine learning applied to architecture design presents a promising opportunity with broad applications. Recent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques, in particular, enable efficient exploration in vast design spaces where…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Ting-Ru Lin , Drew Penney , Massoud Pedram , Lizhong Chen

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is increasingly utilized to enhance the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, effectively scaling these RL methods presents significant challenges, primarily due to the difficulty in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Alexandre Piché , Ehsan Kamalloo , Rafael Pardinas , Xiaoyin Chen , Dzmitry Bahdanau

Compiling a quantum circuit for specific quantum hardware is a challenging task. Moreover, current quantum computers have severe hardware limitations. To make the most use of the limited resources, the compilation process should be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Stan van der Linde , Willem de Kok , Tariq Bontekoe , Sebastian Feld

One problem with researching cognitive modeling and reinforcement learning (RL) is that researchers spend too much time on setting up an appropriate computational framework for their experiments. Many open source implementations of current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Jan Dohmen , Frank Röder , Manfred Eppe

Kinesthetic garments provide physical feedback on body posture and motion through tailored distributions of reinforced material. Their ability to selectively stiffen a garment's response to specific motions makes them appealing for…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Velko Vechev , Juan Zarate , Bernhard Thomaszewski , Otmar Hilliges

Fast-evolving artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms such as large language models have been driving the ever-increasing computing demands in today's data centers. Heterogeneous computing with domain-specific architectures (DSAs) brings…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Zhuoping Yang , Shixin Ji , Xingzhen Chen , Jinming Zhuang , Weifeng Zhang , Dharmesh Jani , Peipei Zhou

Optimizing the injection process in particle accelerators is crucial for enhancing beam quality and operational efficiency. This paper presents a framework for utilizing Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize the injection process at…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Awal Awal , Jan Hetzel , Ralf Gebel , Jörg Pretz

The massive scale of modern AI accelerators presents critical challenges to traditional fault assessment methodologies, which face prohibitive computational costs and provide poor coverage of critical failure modes. This paper introduces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Khurram Khalil , Muhammad Mahad Khaliq , Khaza Anuarul Hoque

Large Language Models have emerged as powerful tools for automating Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code generation, yet they face critical limitations: existing approaches typically fail to simultaneously optimize functional correctness and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhirong Chen , Kaiyan Chang , Zhuolin Li , Cangyuan Li , Xinyang He , Chujie Chen , Mengdi Wang , Haobo Xu , Yinhe Han , Huawei Li , Ying Wang