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The topologies permitted in joint ocular dominance (OD), orientation preference (OP), and direction preference (DP) maps in the primary visual cortex (V1) are considered, with the aim of finding a maximally symmetric periodic case that can…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-12-14 X. Liu , P. A. Robinson

Polarization control and switchability are among the most unique features of "metasurfaces" as compared with diffractive optics technologies of the past. Here, we review how the polarization control afforded by the advent of present-day…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-21 Noah A. Rubin , Yeshaiahu Fainman

Momentum space polarization singularities of light appear as vectorial twists in the scattered and radiated far field patterns of exotic photonic structures. They relate to important concepts such as bound states in the continuum,…

The differential imaging have garnered significant attention owing to its boundary detection capabilities in image processing. However, to date, there has been scant research investigating the relationship between the differential imaging…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-03 Haoran Zhang

We characterize singularities of focal surfaces of wave fronts in terms of differential geometric properties of the initial wave fronts. Moreover, we study relationships between geometric properties of focal surfaces and geometric…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-03-25 Keisuke Teramoto

An array of non-Hermitian optical waveguides can operate as a laser or as a coherent perfect absorber, which corresponds to a spectral singularity of the underlying discrete complex potential. We show that all lattice potentials with…

Optics · Physics 2020-06-18 Dmitry A. Zezyulin , Vladimir V. Konotop

Electronics has changed greatly during recent decades, and some its basic concepts should be revisited. Starting from the sampling procedure, we consider some mathematical, physical and engineering aspects related to singular, mainly…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2008-01-24 Emanuel Gluskin

We motivate metrology schemes based on topological singularities as a way to build robustness against deformations of the system. In particular, we relate reference settings of metrological systems to topological singularities in the…

Spin glasses are disordered magnetic systems that exhibit a variety of properties that are characteristic of complex systems. After a brief review of basic spin glass concepts, their use in areas such as computer science, biology, and other…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-05-16 D. L. Stein , C. M. Newman

The two-dimensional case occupies a special position in the theory of critical phenomena due to the exact results provided by lattice solutions and, directly in the continuum, by the infinite-dimensional character of the conformal algebra.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-01 Gesualdo Delfino

Optical multiplexing is a key technique that enhances the capacity of optical systems by independently modulating various optical parameters to carry distinct information. Among these parameters, wavelength, polarization, and angle are the…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-20 Rui Wei , Hongsheng Shi , Boyou Wang , Baojun Li , Yanjun Bao

After quick survey of some key results and open questions about the structure of singularities of minimal surfaces, we discuss recent work~\cite{Sim23} on singularities of stable minimal hypersurfaces, including some simplifications of the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Leon Simon

The global approach to control systems which we have been pursuing in other work favours the study of dynamics achievable through control. It employs certain globally defined geometric objects and attempts to describe them in the general…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-12-13 Efthimios Kappos

This paper is an attempt to classify finite-time singularities of PDEs. Most of the problems considered describe free-surface flows, which are easily observed experimentally. We consider problems where the singularity occurs at a point, and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-11-06 Jens Eggers , Marco A. Fontelos

Exceptional point and spectral singularity are two types of singularity that are unique to non-Hermitian systems. Here, we report the high-order spectral singularity as a high-order pole of the scattering matrix for a non-Hermitian…

Optics · Physics 2023-06-12 H. S. Xu , L. C. Xie , L. Jin

New singularity theorems are derived for generic warped-product spacetimes of any dimension. The main purpose is to analyze the stability of (compact or large) extra dimensions against dynamical perturbations. To that end, the base of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-22 Nastassja Cipriani , José M. M. Senovilla

Miniaturized and rationally assembled nanostructures exhibit extraordinarily distinct physical properties beyond their individual units. This review will focus on structured small-scale optical cavities that show unique electromagnetic near…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-25 Danqing Wang , Ankun Yang

Speckle patterns produced by random optical fields with two (or more) widely different correlation lengths exhibit speckle spots that are themselves highly speckled. Using computer simulations and analytic theory we present results for the…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Isaac Freund , David A. Kessler

We survey determinantal singularities, their deformations, and their topology. This class of singularities generalizes the well studied case of complete intersections in several different aspects, but exhibits a plethora of new phenomena…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-06-10 Anne Frühbis-Krüger , Matthias Zach

Experiments aimed at searching for variations in the fine-structure constant $\alpha$ are based on spectroscopy of transitions in microscopic bound systems, such as atoms and ions, or resonances in optical cavities. The sensitivities of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-05-22 Beata Zjawin , Marcin Bober , Roman Ciuryło , Daniel Lisak , Michał Zawada , Piotr Wcisło