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Related papers: Measuring eye-tracking accuracy and its impact on …

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With eye tracking being increasingly integrated into virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) head-mounted displays, preserving users' privacy is an ever more important, yet under-explored, topic in the eye tracking community. We report a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Julian Steil , Inken Hagestedt , Michael Xuelin Huang , Andreas Bulling

Video see-through (VST) technology aims to seamlessly blend virtual and physical worlds by reconstructing reality through cameras. While manufacturers promise perceptual fidelity, it remains unclear how close these systems are to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jialin Wang , Songming Ping , Kemu Xu , Yue Li , Hai-Ning Liang

Although eye-tracking technology is being integrated into more VR and MR headsets, the true potential of eye tracking in enhancing user interactions within XR settings remains relatively untapped. Presently, one of the most prevalent gaze…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Naveen Sendhilnathan , Ajoy S. Fernandes , Michael J. Proulx , Tanya R. Jonker

Virtual reality (VR) is not a new technology but has been in development for decades, driven by advances in computer technology. Currently, VR technology is increasingly being used in applications to enable immersive, yet controlled…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Hong Gao

Augmented reality (AR) technology provides means for embedding visualization in a real-world context. Such techniques allow situated analyses of live data in their spatial domain. However, as existing techniques have to be adapted for this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Kuno Kurzhals , Michael Becher , Nelusa Pathmanathan , Guido Reina

In this study, a novel eye tracking system using a visual camera is developed to extract human's gaze, and it can be used in modern game machines to bring new and innovative interactive experience to players. Central to the components of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Manh Duong Phung , Cong Hoang Quach , Quang Vinh Tran

Estimating eye-gaze from images alone is a challenging task, in large parts due to un-observable person-specific factors. Achieving high accuracy typically requires labeled data from test users which may not be attainable in real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Seonwook Park , Emre Aksan , Xucong Zhang , Otmar Hilliges

This paper objectively analyzes the emerging discourse surrounding Apple Vision Pro's application in healthcare and medical education. Released in June 2023, Apple Vision Pro represents a significant advancement in spatial computing,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Ezequiel Santos , Vanessa Castillo

Gaze tracking is a useful human-to-computer interface, which plays an increasingly important role in a range of mobile applications. Gaze calibration is an indispensable component of gaze tracking, which transforms the eye coordinates to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Songzhou Yang , Meng Jin , Yuan He

The latest developments in computer hardware, sensor technologies, and artificial intelligence can make virtual reality (VR) and virtual spaces an important part of human everyday life. Eye tracking offers not only a hands-free way of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Efe Bozkir , Süleyman Özdel , Mengdi Wang , Brendan David-John , Hong Gao , Kevin Butler , Eakta Jain , Enkelejda Kasneci

The gaze behavior of virtual avatars is critical to social presence and perceived eye contact during social interactions in Virtual Reality. Virtual Reality headsets are being designed with integrated eye tracking to enable compelling…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Brendan John , Sophie Jörg , Sanjeev Koppal , Eakta Jain

Thanks to the eye-tracking sensors that are embedded in emerging consumer devices like the Vive Pro Eye, we demonstrate that it is feasible to deliver user authentication via eye movement biometrics.

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Dillon Lohr , Saide Johnson , Samantha Aziz , Oleg Komogortsev

Eye tracking has been found to be useful in various tasks including diagnostic and screening tools. However, traditional eye trackers had a complicated setup and operated at a higher frequency to measure eye movements. The use of more…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Teran Bukenberger , Brent Davis

Retinal image-based eye tracking is widely used in ophthalmic imaging and vision science, and is a promising path to deliver higher gaze accuracy than the pupil- and cornea-based approaches commonly used in modern AR/VR devices.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bo Wen , Dillon Lohr , Yatong An , Pushkar Anand , Alexander Fix , Ruobing Qian , Catherine A. Fromm , Yimin Ding , Truong Nguyen , Mohamed El-Haddad , Francesco La Rocca

Interaction in virtual reality (VR) environments is essential to achieve a pleasant and immersive experience. Most of the currently existing VR applications, lack of robust object grasping and manipulation, which are the cornerstone of…

As head-mounted displays (HMDs) with eye-tracking become increasingly accessible, the need for effective gaze-based interfaces in virtual reality (VR) grows. Traditional gaze- or hand-based navigation often limits user precision or impairs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Mona Zavichi , André Santos , Catarina Moreira , Anderson Maciel , Joaquim Jorge

Mobile gaze tracking involves inferring a user's gaze point or direction on a mobile device's screen from facial images captured by the device's front camera. While this technology inspires an increasing number of gaze-interaction…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yaxiong Lei , Yuheng Wang , Fergus Buchanan , Mingyue Zhao , Yusuke Sugano , Shijing He , Mohamed Khamis , Juan Ye

Appearance-based gaze estimation methods that only require an off-the-shelf camera have significantly improved but they are still not yet widely used in the human-computer interaction (HCI) community. This is partly because it remains…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Xucong Zhang , Yusuke Sugano , Andreas Bulling

Traditional authentication methods, such as passwords and biometrics, verify a user's identity only at the start of a session, leaving systems vulnerable to session hijacking. Continuous authentication, however, ensures ongoing verification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Sai Ganesh Grandhi , Saeed Samet

Eye-tracking technology is being increasingly integrated into mixed reality devices. Although critical applications are being enabled, there are significant possibilities for violating user privacy expectations. We show that there is an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Brendan David-John , Diane Hosfelt , Kevin Butler , Eakta Jain