English
Related papers

Related papers: Personalized Steering of Large Language Models: Ve…

200 papers

Model alignment with human preferences is an essential step in making Large Language Models (LLMs) helpful and consistent with human values. It typically consists of supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yi Dong , Zhilin Wang , Makesh Narsimhan Sreedhar , Xianchao Wu , Oleksii Kuchaiev

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in everyday applications, ensuring their alignment with the diverse preferences of individual users has become a critical challenge. Currently deployed approaches typically assume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Claudio Fanconi , Hao Sun , Mihaela van der Schaar

Recent work in activation steering has demonstrated the potential to better control the outputs of Large Language Models (LLMs), but it involves finding steering vectors. This is difficult because engineers do not typically know how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Ole Jorgensen , Dylan Cope , Nandi Schoots , Murray Shanahan

Large language models demonstrate impressive reasoning abilities but struggle to provide personalized content due to their lack of individual user preference information. Existing methods, such as in-context learning and parameter-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Sumuk Shashidhar , Abhinav Chinta , Vaibhav Sahai , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) offers a promising approach for aligning policies with human intent but is often constrained by the high cost of human feedback. In this work, we introduce PrefVLM, a framework that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Udita Ghosh , Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Jiachen Li , Konstantinos Karydis , Amit Roy-Chowdhury

We consider the problem of aligning a large language model (LLM) to model the preferences of a human population. Modeling the beliefs, preferences, and behaviors of a specific population can be useful for a variety of different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Keiichi Namikoshi , Alex Filipowicz , David A. Shamma , Rumen Iliev , Candice L. Hogan , Nikos Arechiga

The influence of personas on Large Language Models (LLMs) has been widely studied, yet their direct impact on performance remains uncertain. This work explores a novel approach to guiding LLM behaviour through role vectors, an alternative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Daniele Potertì , Andrea Seveso , Fabio Mercorio

Steering vectors (SVs) have been proposed as an effective approach to adjust language model behaviour at inference time by intervening on intermediate model activations. They have shown promise in terms of improving both capabilities and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Daniel Tan , David Chanin , Aengus Lynch , Dimitrios Kanoulas , Brooks Paige , Adria Garriga-Alonso , Robert Kirk

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in handling general knowledge tasks, yet they struggle with user-specific personalization, such as understanding individual emotions, writing styles, and preferences. Personalized Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiahong Liu , Zexuan Qiu , Zhongyang Li , Quanyu Dai , Wenhao Yu , Jieming Zhu , Minda Hu , Menglin Yang , Tat-Seng Chua , Irwin King

As large language models (LLMs) demonstrate increasingly advanced capabilities, aligning their behaviors with human values and preferences becomes crucial for their wide adoption. While previous research focuses on general alignment to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Shujin Wu , May Fung , Cheng Qian , Jeonghwan Kim , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Heng Ji

Steering vectors (SVs) offer a lightweight way to control large language models (LLMs) at inference time by shifting hidden activations, providing a practical middle ground between prompting and fine-tuning. Yet SVs can be unreliable in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiaqian Li , Yanshu Li , Kuan-Hao Huang

Steering Large Language Models (LLMs) through activation interventions has emerged as a lightweight alternative to fine-tuning for alignment and personalization. Recent work on Bi-directional Preference Optimization (BiPO) shows that dense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Abdelaziz Bounhar , Rania Hossam Elmohamady Elbadry , Hadi Abdine , Preslav Nakov , Michalis Vazirgiannis , Guokan Shang

Large language models (LLMs) can handle a wide variety of general tasks with simple prompts, without the need for task-specific training. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built upon LLMs, have demonstrated impressive potential in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tao Yu , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Junkang Wu , Jinda Lu , Kun Wang , Xingyu Lu , Yunhang Shen , Guibin Zhang , Dingjie Song , Yibo Yan , Tianlong Xu , Qingsong Wen , Zhang Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

Large language models have transformed AI, yet reliably controlling their outputs remains a challenge. This paper explores activation engineering, where outputs of pre-trained LLMs are controlled by manipulating their activations at…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Joris Postmus , Steven Abreu

Having an LLM that aligns with human preferences is essential for accommodating individual needs, such as maintaining writing style or generating specific topics of interest. The majority of current alignment methods rely on fine-tuning or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Bingqing Song , Boran Han , Shuai Zhang , Hao Wang , Haoyang Fang , Bonan Min , Yuyang Wang , Mingyi Hong

As large language models (LLMs) are deployed globally, creating pluralistic systems that can accommodate the diverse preferences and values of users worldwide becomes essential. We introduce EVALUESTEER, a benchmark to measure LLMs' and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Kshitish Ghate , Andy Liu , Devansh Jain , Taylor Sorensen , Atoosa Kasirzadeh , Aylin Caliskan , Mona T. Diab , Maarten Sap

Large language model (LLM) personalization aims to align model outputs with individuals' unique preferences and opinions. While recent efforts have implemented various personalization methods, a unified theoretical framework that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xinliang Frederick Zhang , Nick Beauchamp , Lu Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across various tasks, yet guiding them to follow desired behaviours during inference remains a significant challenge. Activation steering offers a promising method to control the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Weixuan Wang , Minghao Wu , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Steering vectors are a lightweight method to control language model behavior by adding a learned bias to the activations at inference time. Although steering demonstrates promising performance, recent work shows that it can be unreliable or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Joschka Braun , Carsten Eickhoff , David Krueger , Seyed Ali Bahrainian , Dmitrii Krasheninnikov

Prior work on controllable text generation has focused on learning how to control language models through trainable decoding, smart-prompt design, or fine-tuning based on a desired objective. We hypothesize that the information needed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Nishant Subramani , Nivedita Suresh , Matthew E. Peters