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We show that algebraic formulas and constant-depth circuits are closed under taking factors. In other words, we show that if a multivariate polynomial over a field of characteristic zero has a small constant-depth circuit or formula, then…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Somnath Bhattacharjee , Mrinal Kumar , Shanthanu S. Rai , Varun Ramanathan , Ramprasad Saptharishi , Shubhangi Saraf

Factorization of polynomials is one of the foundations of symbolic computation. Its applications arise in numerous branches of mathematics and other sciences. However, the present advanced programming languages such as C++ and J++, do not…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-08-24 Yong Feng , Wenyuan Wu , Jingzhong Zhang

We will construct post-quantum encryption algorithms based on three-variable polynomial Beal-Schur congruence. After giving a proof of Beal's conjecture and citing some applications of it to selected cases where the discrete logarithm and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Nicholas J. Daras

Signcryption is a cryptographic primitive which performs encryption and signature in a single logical step. In conventional signcryption only receiver of the signcrypted text can verify the authenticity of the origin i.e. signature of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-07-12 Prashant Kushwah , Sunder Lal

Similarity metrics, e.g., signatures as used by anti-virus products, are the dominant technique to detect if a given binary is malware. The underlying assumption of this approach is that all instances of a malware (or even malware family)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-09-30 Mathias Payer , Stephen Crane , Per Larsen , Stefan Brunthaler , Richard Wartell , Michael Franz

An algorithm and its first implementation in C# are presented for assembling arbitrary quantum circuits on the base of Hadamard and Toffoli gates and for constructing multivariate polynomial systems over the finite field Z_2 arising when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Vladimir P. Gerdt , Vasily M. Severyanov

Finite fields of the form GF(2^m) play an important role in coding theory and cryptography. We show that the choice of how to represent the elements of these fields can have a significant impact on the resource requirements for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-05 Brittanney Amento , Martin Roetteler , Rainer Steinwandt

Every day, millions of credit cards are swiped and transactions are carried out across the world. Due to numerous forms of unethical digital activities, users are vulnerable to credit card fraud, phishing, identity theft, etc. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Awnon Bhowmik

This paper presents a novel post-quantum cryptosystem based on high-memory masked convolutional codes. Unlike conventional code-based schemes that rely on block codes with fixed dimensions and limited error-correction capability, our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Meir Ariel

Block ciphers are in widespread use since the 1970s. Their iterated structure is prone to numerous round invariant attacks for example in Linear Cryptanalysis (LC). The next step is to look at non-linear polynomial invariants cf.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Nicolas T. Courtois

Fully-homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables computation on encrypted data while maintaining secrecy. Recent research has shown that such schemes exist even for quantum computation. Given the numerous applications of classical FHE…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-27 Gorjan Alagic , Yfke Dulek , Christian Schaffner , Florian Speelman

A computational secret-sharing scheme is a method that enables a dealer, that has a secret, to distribute this secret among a set of parties such that a "qualified" subset of parties can efficiently reconstruct the secret while any…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-02 Ilan Komargodski , Moni Naor , Eylon Yogev

Quantum state preparation is a task to prepare a state with a specific function encoded in the amplitude, which is an essential subroutine in many quantum algorithms. In this paper, we focus on multivariate state preparation, as it is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-12 Hitomi Mori , Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) is an encryption method that allows quantum computation to be performed on one party's private data with the program provided by another party, without revealing much information about the data nor the…

We develop an algorithm for computing affine Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials, for all Lie types. This generalizes our previously published algorithm for type A, which in turn is a faster version of an algorithm due to Lascouz, Leclerc and…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Frederick M. Goodman , Hans Wenzl

In this paper we study scalar multivariate subdivision schemes with general integer expanding dilation matrix. Our main result yields simple algebraic conditions on the symbols of such schemes that characterize their polynomial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-11-15 Maria Charina , Lucia Romani

Homogeneous rotation symmetric Boolean functions have been extensively studied in recent years because of their applications in cryptography. Little is known about the basic question of when two such functions are affine equivalent. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-10-26 Thomas W. Cusick

Recent oracle separations [Kretschmer, TQC'21, Kretschmer et. al., STOC'23] have raised the tantalizing possibility of building quantum cryptography from sources of hardness that persist even if the polynomial hierarchy collapses. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Dakshita Khurana , Kabir Tomer

In this thesis, a new approach for constructing subdivision algorithms for generalized quadratic and cubic B-spline subdivision for subdivision surfaces and volumes is presented. First, a catalog of quality criteria for these subdivision…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alexander Dietz

In poly alphabetic substitution the plain texts letters are enciphered differently according to their position. The name poly alphabetic suggests that there are more than one key so we have used two keys combination instead of just one, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Avinash Sharma , Anurag Bhatnagar , Nikhar Tak , Anuradha Sharma , Jitendra Avasthi , Prerna sharma