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An example of capillary phenomena commonly seen and often studied is a droplet of water hanging in air from a horizontal surface. A thin capillary surface interface between the liquid and gas develops tangential surface tension, which…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-04-09 Dale G. Karr

We analyze the surface tension exerted at the interface between an active fluid and a solid boundary in terms of tangential forces. Focusing on active systems known to possess an equation of state for the pressure, we show that interfacial…

In part 1, we proposed a model of dynamics of wetting for slow movements near a contact line formed at the interface of two immiscible fluids and a solid when viscous dissipation remains bounded. The contact line is not a material line and…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-01-15 Henri Gouin

The understanding of the spreading of liquids on solid surfaces is an important challenge for contemporary physics. Today, the motion of the contact line formed at the intersection of two immiscible fluids and a solid is still subject to…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Henri Gouin

Many textbooks dealing with surface tension favor the thermodynamic approach (minimization of some thermodynamic potential such as free energy) over the mechanical approach (balance of forces) to describe capillary phenomena, stating that…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-17 Marc Durand

Recent studies of elasto-capillary phenomena have triggered interest in a basic variant of the classical Young-Laplace-Dupr\'e (YLD) problem: The capillary interaction between a liquid drop and a thin solid sheet of low bending stiffness.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-03-15 Gregory Kozyreff , Benny Davidovitch , S. Ganga Prasath , Guillaume Palumbo , Fabian Brau

Abundant interfacial phenomena in nature, such as water droplets on lotus leaves and water transport in plant vessels, originate from partial-wetting phenomena, which can be well described by Young's equation. It remains an intriguing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-04-22 Jing Zhang , Zhixin Liu , Shengda Zhao , Yangjun Yan , Rongxin Yue , Jiaxin Yu , Xinjie Li , Xinghua Zhang

The statistical mechanics of equilibrium interfaces has been well-established for over a half century. In the last decade, a wealth of observations have made increasingly clear that a new perspective is required to describe interfaces…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-04-21 Luke Langford , Ahmad K. Omar

In 1805, Young was the first who introduced an expression for contact angle in static, but today, the motion of the contact-line formed at the intersection of two immiscible fluids and a solid is still subject to dispute. By means of the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-01-22 Henri Gouin

Self-propelled particles accumulate on repulsive barriers in so-called active wetting, but the relationship between this process and equilibrium wetting remains unclear. Using an exact (noiseless) hydrodynamic framework for an active…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-10 Noah Grodzinski , Robert L. Jack , Michael E. Cates

The accumulation of self-propelled particles on repulsive barriers is a widely observed feature in active matter. Despite being implicated in a broad range of biological processes, from biofilm formation to cytoskeletal movement, wetting of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-12 Noah Grodzinski , Michael E. Cates , Robert L. Jack

The confliction between the stable interface in phase-separated active Brownian particles and its negative surface tension, obtained mechanically via the active pressure, has sparked considerable debate about the formula of active surface…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-03-06 Longfei Li , Zihao Sun , Mingcheng Yang

We study wetting droplets formed of active Brownian particles in contact with a repulsive potential barrier, in a wedge geometry. Our numerical results demonstrate a transition between partially wet and completely wet states, as a function…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-12 Francesco Turci , Robert L. Jack , Nigel B. Wilding

We consider the equilibrium of liquid droplets sitting on thin elastic sheets that are subject to a boundary tension and/or are clamped at their edge. We use scaling arguments, together with a detailed analysis based on the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-03-20 Benny Davidovitch , Dominic Vella

The equation of motions and the conditions on surfaces and edges between fluids and solids in presence of non-constant surface energies, as in the case of surfactants attached to the fluid particles at the interfaces, are revisited under…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-11-06 Henri Gouin

We study a three-dimensional system of self-propelled Brownian particles interacting via the Lennard-Jones potential. Using Brownian Dynamics simulations in an elongated simulation box, we investigate the steady states of vapour-liquid…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-08-29 Siddharth Paliwal , Vasileios Prymidis , Laura Filion , Marjolein Dijkstra

The three-phase contact line of a droplet on a smooth surface can be characterized by the Young-Dupr\'e equation. It relates the interfacial energies with the macroscopic contact angle $\theta_e$. On the mesoscale, wettability is modeled by…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-07-24 Uwe Thiele , Jacco H. Snoeijer , Sarah Trinschek , Karin John

Interfacial phenomena of motility-induced phase separation of active particles challenge our conventional understanding of phase coexistence. Despite the ubiquity of nonmechanical communication couplings among real active particles, most…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-22 Zihao Sun , Longfei Li , Fangfu Ye , Mingcheng Yang

We calculate the normal capillary retention force that anchors a drop to a solid surface in the direction perpendicular to the surface, and study the relationship between such force and the Young-Dupre work of adhesion. We also calculate…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-06-08 Rafael de la Madrid , Huy Luong , Jacob Zumwalt

We report on the onset of fluid entrainment when a contact line is forced to advance over a dry solid of arbitrary wettability. We show that entrainment occurs at a critical advancing speed beyond which the balance between capillary,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-16 Rodrigo Ledesma-Aguilar , Aurora Hernández-Machado , Ignacio Pagonabarraga
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